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French and Indian War

Learn about the French and Indian War, a conflict between the French, British, and Spanish forces over land and control. Discover the key events, including the Battle of Quebec, and the impacts of the war on the colonies and Native Americans.

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French and Indian War

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  1. French and Indian War During and after….

  2. Background…. • French building forts throughout Ohio River Valley • Alliances with Native Americans =control of vast lands • In the beginning it seems as if the French and Native Americans will have the upper hand

  3. British Government In Control In the beginning….Colonist are fighting (pretty much) by themselves…..SALUTARY NEGLECT However…. 1754- Britain becomes alarmed by attacks on forts and begin to intervene (more) Great Britain appoints General Edward Braddock- in charge of British in America… Mission drive out French from river valley

  4. Braddock  Duquense June 1755: Braddock leaves VA w/ (red coats) British soldiers, (blue coated) milita ** Washington serving as guide 32 days later …..reach Ft. Duquense Washington warns Braddock about fighting style… Lined up columns and rows=easy targets Braddock should’ve listened: ambushed and dies British army too confused to fight back… Lose 1,000 soldiers….Washington marches them back to VA

  5. It’s on! Braddock diesBritain declares WAR! (AKA 7 yrs war) French, British, and Spanish forces all fighting for land and control Not looking so good for Britain and colonies…. NA’s killing settlers through raids, burning crops, moving people back to east coast

  6. Pitt Saves the Day William PittBritain’s prime minister (very skilled, commanded from overseas) Doesn’t want to hear colonies complain about $...SO…..England would pay for supplies=DEBT Pitt not only wants West…but Canada (belongs to French) Under commanders: Wolfe and Amherst FINALLY capture Duquesne….A LOT of victories for British in 1759 (Havana, Canada)…..

  7. Greatest Victory: Battle of Quebec • Quebec= capital of New France( James finds a way to capture) • Go up the back of the cliff…. Overwhelm guards….Surprise the French army! (at night) • Wolfe dies….but so does Montcalm (French commander

  8. Impacts of French and Indian War • 1. Treaty of Paris (1763) • Officially ended the war • England took over Canada • England takes everything East of Mississippi River • Spanish in control of everything West of the Mississippi • French keep West Indies Continent now divided by GB and Spain….BUT….many NA’s still live on the land (not too happy)

  9. Impacts of French and Indian War • 2. End of Salutary Neglect (allowing colonies to take care of themselves) Why SN in the first place? • Distance overseas • Other European conflicts • Governors were already put in place in colonies NOW parliament decides leaving colonies alone is not a good idea….( England needs money from war debt)

  10. Impacts of French and Indian War • 3. The national debt…. • War cost a lot of $$ • Parliament decides to tax colonies • Colonist respond with…. “No Taxation Without Representation”

  11. Impacts of French and Indian War • 4. Colonist learn that British are not invincible (almost lost the war) -Washington gains military experience!

  12. Not Everyone is Happy: Pontiac’s Rebellion NA’s lost their trading partners when French are defeated= view Britain as ENEMY British increase prices and refuse to pay rent for forts…..WORST=invading territories… Pontiac (chief of Ottawa village) attempt to bring NA’s together to drive soldiers out of region -Laid siege at British fort at Detroit and many other outposts ( summer of 1763= killing settlers along VA and PA frontiers= raids are Pontiac’s War) Pontiac realizes that French signed Treaty = breaking off of siege…settlers rebel….

  13. Proclamation of 1763 • Halt to westward expansion in hopes of no more fighting • King George III….. Appalachian Mountains serve as boundary ANGRY COLONIST! • Peace for French and British….but tensions rising between colonist and Britain….

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