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Colonization

Colonization. LI, Relevance. Identify the motives behind the European exploration of the Americas Relevance: The movement of people causes conflict and compromise. Homework. Complete Pre-Test DO NOT USE BOOK or get help Not counted as a grade. Review Pre-View 2. Colonization Video.

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Colonization

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  1. Colonization

  2. LI, Relevance • Identify the motives behind the European exploration of the Americas • Relevance: • The movement of people causes conflict and compromise

  3. Homework • Complete Pre-Test • DO NOT USE BOOK or get help • Not counted as a grade

  4. Review Pre-View 2

  5. Colonization Video • Name some of the countries you hear in the video (1 sentence) • Why did some of these countries explore and establish “colonies” in America? (3 sentences) • How did these European powers differ in their colonization plans? (3 sentences) • What conflicts arose over competition for land acquisitions in the New World? (3 sentences)

  6. How did Spain establish territorial claims? • Spain sent explorers such as Christopher Columbus, Hernan Cortes, and Francisco Pizarro to discover and claim lands for Spain

  7. What was life like in Spanish settlements? • Many Spanish settlers were interested in finding gold, but some started sugar plantations • The settlers forced native peoples to work for them • When the Indians began to die from European diseases, slave traders provided enslaved Africans as laborers.

  8. Relationship • Spanish treated Native Americans living in the Caribbean and South America harshly. • Cortes attacked the Aztecs in Mexico • Pizarro conquered the Incas in Peru • Explorers also brought diseases such as smallpox that killed many Native Americans

  9. How did Spain establish territorial claims in North America? • Several explorers established Spanish territorial claims in North America • Ponce de Leon explored Florida • Francisco Coronado traveled as far north as the Great Plains in search for seven cities of gold • All he found were seven little villages or pueblos

  10. What types of permanent settlements did the Spanish establish in North America? • Spanish soldiers established forts called presidios to protect Spanish lands • Catholic priests converted Native Americans and established missions

  11. Relationship between Spanish and Native Americans • The Native Americans and Spanish learned many things from each other • Pueblo people learned how to use new tools, grew new foods, and raise sheep for wool. • Many converted to Catholicism • From the Indians, the Spanish learned new ways to grow crops in the desert • The Spanish treated the Native Americans harshly, they were made to work as slave laborers • If they refused to convert to Christianity, they were whipped • Spanish brought diseases, which killed many Indians • In response to this treatment, Native Americans sometimes attacked the Spanish

  12. France establish territorial claims • Explorers established French claims in North America • Jacques Cartier claimed Canada • Samuel de Champlain established a trading post at Quebec • Father Marquette and Louis Joliet explored the Mississippi River • Robert de La Salle claimed Louisiana

  13. Life in French Settlements • Fur trappers, or coureurs de bois and missionaries came to New France. • The colony failed to attract many settlers because of the harsh climate and the colony’s policy of granting the best land to nobility

  14. Relationship • The French made the Native Americans their business partners • An especially friendly relationship was established between the French and the Huron • European diseases killed many Native Americans

  15. England establish territorial claims • John Cabot’s brief landing on Newfoundland established English claims in North America • English also established settlements in Virginia

  16. Life like in Jamestown • Life was difficult • Settlement was located in a swamp where disease-carrying mosquitoes bred • Captain John Smith took over leadership and conditions improved • When Smith returned to England, the settlers went through the Starving Time • Native Americans would not trade with the settlers

  17. Relationship • Captain John Smith became friends with Native Americans • Daughter of the chief, Pocahontas helped the colonists avoid starvation • Relations improved when John Rolfe married Pocahontas

  18. Netherlands • Explorations of Henry Hudson established the territorial claims of the Dutch in North America • Peter Minuit bought the island of Manhattan from the Native Americans

  19. Life like in New Netherland • Dutch were interested in fur trade • By 1660, nearly 8,000 people had settled in the colony • These included Europeans from many nations, African slaves, and Jews seeking religious freedom • Colony had a strong governor Peter Stuyvesant • The English drove the Dutch from the colony and renamed it New York

  20. Relationship • Dutch established friendly relations with the Iroquois whom they supplied with guns to fight the Huron

  21. Warm Up—View pg. 21

  22. Pg. 21 (Map) • Answer the following questions in your notebook: • What modern nations did Spanish explorers sail to? • What modern nations did English explorers sail to? • What modern nations did French explorers sail to? • What would motivate these Europeans to venture into unknown lands and risk death • How have these explorers left their mark on the areas they explored?

  23. Colonization • Your thoughts • Definition:

  24. Vocabulary • Colonization/Colonize • Colony • Missionaries • Explorers/Explore • Indigenous • New World • Slavery • Conquistadors

  25. In your notes, describe the image or images you see.

  26. What do you see here?

  27. LI • Analyze the differences in the term discovery • Relevance: • Colonization has positive and negative benefits

  28. Class Discussion • How was the idea of “discovery” different for Native Americans/indigenous peoples and the explorers?

  29. Columbus’ Diary Entry • Is this an example of a positive or negative view of colonization and exploring?

  30. Negative View of Discovery • Read each primary source document • Fill in reaction chart—both sides (2 sentences) • Answer discussion questions (1 sentence-on looseleaf)

  31. Reaction Chart • Analysis and reaction of Spanish colonization according to indigenous people (Aztecs) • Read: “Flowers and Songs of Sorrow.” • Complete reaction chart for Flowers and Songs of Sorrow • Answer: • What words does the poet use to describe the Aztec empire before the Spanish came? • How does the poet explain the Aztecs’ defeat? • Why did the poet write this poem? Who is his audience?

  32. Processing 2

  33. Locate and star and label the following cities (pg. 36) • New Port Charlotte • Hartford Williamsburg • Boston Richmond • Philadelphia • New York • Baltimore • Savannah • Charleston

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