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America in the 1920s: From Jazz Age to Prohibition Era

Explore the transformative decades of the Roaring Twenties, Prohibition, and historic events like the Teapot Dome Scandal, Red Scare, and the Scopes Trial. Witness societal clashes, economic shifts, and cultural revolutions that shaped America's identity.

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America in the 1920s: From Jazz Age to Prohibition Era

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  1. Chapters 32 and 33 • The Roaring Twenties/Jazz Age • The Great Depression

  2. Warren G. Harding 1920 • Harding was the 29th president. • “Return to Normalcy” • He died in California

  3. Teapot Dome Scandal • A scandal about oil fields held by the Navy in Wyoming which were sold. Sec. Fall secretly leased them to a private business interests.

  4. Albert B. Fall • Only person to serve prison sentence from the Teapot Dome Scandal. Fall is the “fall guy”. • Had a home in El Paso!

  5. Americans struggle • World War I soldiers returned home-looking for a job and housing. • United States returned from a wartime economy to a peacetime economy. • 1921: brief postwar recession • 1922-1928: a lengthy period of business prosperity • 1929: ended in economic disaster (stock market crash)

  6. Red Scare 1919 • Communist Revolution in Russia 1917. • Lenin and Bolsheviks frighten Americans. • Red Scare was a fear of anything communist. • Anarchist- people who opposed any form of governments.

  7. A. Mitchell Palmer Palmer Raids • Palmer would use his power to raided meeting places of alleged radical groups. • He ignored search warrants and writ of habeas corpus. • Palmer is viewed by Americans as a hero. • In January, 1920, another 6,000 were arrested and held without trial.

  8. J. Edgar Hoover Hoover will be director of FBI. Hoover collected information. Politically dangerous-Palmer used this information to deport people.

  9. A Society in Conflict • Anti-immigrant • National Origins Act • Discrimination Sacco-Vanzetti Trial • Italian immigrants • Unfair trial

  10. Anti-Immigrants Laws • Emergency Quota Act 1921- Stated to keep out East Europe people because of their religion and lack of intelligence. • National Origins Act-1924that blatantly discriminated against immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and virtually excluded Asians

  11. Ku Klux Klan- KKK Gained strength in small towns of the Midwest, Southeast, and West. Membership increased to 5 million. They marched to Washington D.C. D.W.Griffith-”Birth of a Nation”

  12. African-Americans 350,000 served in WWI Many African Americans asked themselves, “Why did we fight overseas for freedoms we don’t have here?”

  13. Ghetto- Segregated slumsHarlem, NY

  14. Scopes “Monkey” Trial Evolution vs. Creationism Science vs. Religion Dayton, Tennessee Famous Lawyers John Scopes High School Biology teacher

  15. Scopes Trial “Monkey Trial” A trial over the issue of evolution. Two sides: Fundamentalists- people who believe a literal interpretation of the Bible. Clarence Darrow-agnostic defends John Scopes. William Jennings Bryan- Prosecutor

  16. Prohibition Era • A period in American history in which restrictions on alcohol. Anti Saloon League Anti Immigrant

  17. 18th Amendment 1917 This amendment banned the sale, manufacture, and transportation of “ intoxicating liquor” But did not say, you could not buy it or drink it.

  18. Volstead Act 1919 A lengthy list of exemptions to the 18th Amendment. Religious Medicinal

  19. Speakeasies- secret clubs (Blind Pigs)

  20. Prohibition agents destroying barrels of alcohol. L&J Cafe is truly a one-of-a-kind El Paso institution (speakeasy)

  21. Defying Prohibition • By no means did Prohibition stop people from drinking alcohol • In fact, it became fashionable in the cities to defy the law by visiting “speakeasies”- bars and clubs that served alcohol • Liquors, beers, and wines were readily available from bootleggers and smugglers • Rival gangsters, including a Chicago gangster Al Capone, fought for control of the lucrative bootlegging business • Gangs expanded during Prohibition to include gambling, prostitution, and narcotics Public Enemy Number One- Al Capone Al Capone's cell at the Eastern State Penitentiary

  22. Revolution in Morals • Probably the most significant change in the lives of young men and women in the 1920s was their revolt against sexual taboos • Some were influenced by the writings of Austrian psychiatrist Sigmund Freud (stressed the role of sexual repression in mental illness) • Movies, novels, automobiles, and new dance steps (the fox-trot and the Charleston) encouraged greater promiscuity • The use of contraceptives for birth control was still against the law in almost every state (the work of Margaret Sanger and others advocated birth control which achieved growing acceptance) Inspired by women such as Margaret Sanger, women began to question their doctors and to seek more information about birth control. Opponents said such a movement was increasing female immorality.

  23. Flappers Power Point done by Ms.Pozer & Mena static.flickr.com/57200624932_08027d8e8b.jpg

  24. My Candle burns at both ends; It will not last the night; But ah, my foes, and oh, my friends- It gives a lovely light! -Edna St. Vincent Millay, “First Fig,” 1920 American Society in the 1920s

  25. Consumer Economy

  26. Henry Ford First automobile in America to be built on an assembly line. Model T Detroit, Michigan

  27. Advertising • Advertising-needed to change Americans ways of buying. Appeal to people’s deepest needs and anxieties. • Installment Plan- Paying in payments (on credit)

  28. Entertainment • Newspapers had once been the only medium of mass communication and entertainment • In the 1920s, the radio emerged as a new media force • The first commercial radio station went on the air in 1920 broadcasting music to a few thousand listeners • By 1930, there were over 800 stations broadcasting to 10 million listeners • The organization of the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) in 1924 and the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) in 1927 provided networks of radio stations • People could now hear news broadcasts, sporting events, soap operas, quiz shows, and comedies In the 1920s, the United States government publication, "Construction and Operation of a Simple Homemade Radio Receiving Outfit", showed how almost any person handy with simple tools could a build an effective crystal radio receiver.

  29. Hollywood Industry • Jazz Singer- First movie with sound talkie. • Mickey Mouse-star of “Steamboat Willie” first animated movie by Walt Disney

  30. Film Stars of 20’s

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