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Skeletal Disorders

Skeletal Disorders. May Occur with Bone, Cartilage, Ligaments, Joints. Tumors & Cancers. Osteosarcoma Common Fatal. Tumors & Cancers. Chondrosarcoma Skeletal Cartilage Cancer. Tumors & Cancers. Fibrosarcoma Malignant Bone Marrow Excessive Connective Tissue Production. Osteoporosis.

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Skeletal Disorders

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  1. Skeletal Disorders May Occur with Bone, Cartilage, Ligaments, Joints

  2. Tumors & Cancers • Osteosarcoma • Common • Fatal

  3. Tumors & Cancers • Chondrosarcoma • Skeletal Cartilage Cancer

  4. Tumors & Cancers • Fibrosarcoma • Malignant • Bone Marrow • Excessive Connective Tissue Production

  5. Osteoporosis • Most Common & Serious • “Condition of bone pores”

  6. Osteoporosis • Excessive loss of calcium & collagen fibers • Decrease in bone volume / Holes

  7. Osteoporosis • Bones are brittle & easily broken • Spontaneous Fractures • Femur & Vertebrae

  8. Osteoporosis • Most frequently in white elderly women • Decreasing sex hormones reduces bone growth and bone mass maintenance • Kyphosis most notable outward sign • Shrink

  9. Osteomalacia • Decrease in Hard Minerals • Bone volume remains the same • Demineralization • Vitamin D deficiency • Required to absorb Ca and P

  10. In children, it is called Rickets • Bone Deformities • Ca imbalance can lead to death

  11. Paget Disease • Also called Osteitis deformans • Affects Older Adults • Characterized by abnormal bone remodeling

  12. Normal Spongy Bone replaced by disorganized new bone • Thickens entire bone

  13. Osteomyelitis • Bacterial infections of bone and marrow tissue • Staphylococcus most common • Difficult to treat due to bone density and slow healing

  14. Bone Fractures • Open Fractures • The bone pierces the skin • Compound • Closed Fractures • The bone does not pierce the skin • Simple • Complete • Displacement • Incomplete • No Displacement

  15. Fracture Types • Greenstick • Bone is broken only on one side • Comminuted • Break that produces many fragments • Impacted • Bone fragments are driven into each other • Transverse • Fracture is at a right angle to the bone’s long axis • Oblique • Fracture is diagonal to the bone’s long axis

  16. Name that Fracture

  17. TRANSVERSE

  18. GREENSTICK

  19. OBLIQUE

  20. COMMINUTED

  21. IMPACTED

  22. Bone Fracture & Repair

  23. Joint Disorders Non-inflammatory & Inflammatory

  24. Noninflammatory Joint Disease • Does NOT inflame the Synovial Membrane

  25. Osteoarthritis • Also known as degenerative joint disease • Most Common • Degeneration of the articular cartilage • Advanced Age, Joint Damage, Joint Stress

  26. Dislocation • When the articular surfaces of bones are no longer in proper contact • Bone stays OUT of the joint • SUBLUXATION • Reduces on its own

  27. Sprain • An acute injury to the ligaments around a joint • Tear of the Ligament

  28. Inflammatory Joint Disease • Arthritis • Inflammed Synovial Membrane • Many causes • Infection • Genetics • Autoimmunity

  29. Rheumatoid Arthritis • Autoimmune Disorder • Chromic inflammation of connective tissues • Begins in the synovial membrane • Spreads to cartilage & other tissues • Crippling • Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis • More Severe • More Common in Girls

  30. Gouty Arthritis • Gout • Metabolic Condition • Increase in Uric Acid in Blood • Alcohol, Sweet, Fat • Sodium Urate Crystals deposited in Distal Joints • Trigger Chronic Inflammation

  31. Infectious Arthritis • Pathogens cause synovial infection • Joint Deterioration • Most Common Bacterial • Other Signs & Symptoms • Lyme Disease • Ticks

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