Understanding Organism Organization Levels and Digestive System Function

1. Sept. 10, 2019 You need: • Clean paper / Pencil • Green/White Foldable Warm Up:(on your WARM UP sheet) What are the levels of organization within an organism? I CAN: identify the digestive system parts/function.

2. Be the positive. It takes many “put-ups” to cancel a “put-down.”

3. Check your desk. Please be INTENTIONAL! Place, don’t toss/throw. Think about noise.

4. Today: • Word dissection • How long is the digestive system? • Digestive notes • Schoolhouse Rock

5. MRS NERG-C M - Movement R – Respirations S – Sensitivity (responds to stimulus) N – Nutrition / nutrients E - Excretion R – Reproduces G - Growth C - Cells

6. Body Organization Name organism organ systems organs tissue cell

7. What is HOMEOSTASIS? • HOMEOSTASIS is how your body maintains an INTERNAL BALANCE. • It keeps your body STABLE in spite of changes OUTSIDE YOUR BODY. • Example: Your body keeps CONSTANT TEMPERATURE no matter what the outside temperature.

8. The Digestive System

9. The Digestive System(Flip to the back of your notes) The digestive system has 3 main functions: • It breaks down food into particles that the body can use. • It absorbs nutrients into the blood. • It eliminates waste from the body. Mouth Esophagus

10. The Digestive System Digestion can happen in two ways: • Mechanical digestion: foods are physically broken down into smaller parts (like by teeth). • Chemical digestion: Chemicals called ENZYMES break foods into their smaller “building blocks” (for example, starch gets broken down into sugar). Mouth Esophagus

11. Categories of NUTRIENTS • Water • Minerals • Vitamins • Fat • Carbohydrates • Proteins

12. The Digestive System(Now go to the “front” of your notes) • MOUTH: your teeth break down food into smaller pieces (mechanical digestion). Saliva has enzymes that start chemical digestion. • ESOPHAGUS: smooth muscles push food down to the stomach (peristalsis). Mouth Esophagus

13. The Digestive System Break down may happen in the stomach, but absorption happens more in the small intestine! • Most digestion (break down) happens in the Stomach: • Mechanical digestionoccurs when the stomach muscles churn the food. • Chemical digestionhappens when stomach acid breaks down food. Mouth Esophagus Stomach

14. The Digestive System • Liver, gallbladder and pancreas:produces & stores chemicals (enzymes) that help digest food in the small intestine. Mouth Esophagus Stomach Liver Pancreas Gallbladder

15. The Digestive System • Small intestine:completes chemical digestion and absorbs nutrients for the body. The nutrients pass through the villi into blood vessels. • Large intestine: water is reabsorbed by the body. • Rectum: compresses waste into a solid form. Mouth Esophagus Stomach Liver Pancreas Gallbladder Small intestine Large intestine Rectum

16. Mouth esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large intestine Appendix Rectum Anus

17. Mouth Esophagus Stomach Liver Pancreas Gallbladder Small intestine Large intestine Rectum

20. Paper guts • Color • Cut out • Assemble • Paste

21. BrainPop! • Log onto the computer. • Go to BrainPop (www.brainpop.com) • Log into BrainPop • Username: carrington1 • Password: cougars On BrainPop – Find Body Systems Watch the movie clip, try the quiz. Find the specific body system called the DIGESTIVE system. Watch the movie clip, try the quiz. You may try multiple times. Choose your final quiz answers ON THE PAPER VERSION! Search Body Systems and scroll down to the games. Play “Build-A-Body: Digestive System”

22. The Digestive System Mouth Esophagus Pancreas Stomach Liver Gallbladder Small intestine Large intestine Rectum

24. Excretory System Fluid’s

25. Main Function: The system of the body that collects waste produced by cells and removes the wastes from the body. (also known as: excretion)

26. Wastes Eliminated: It specifically removes Urea – chemicals that come from the break down of proteins Excess water Other wastes

27. Structures of the excretory system Kidneys – (2) filter blood Ureters – 2 narrow tubes that leading from the kidneys to the bladder Urinary Bladder-fist sized pouch (muscular sac) that holds about 2 cups of urine Urethra – exit tube

28. The Kidneys and their Nephrons The kidneys are made of millions of nephrons, tiny filter factories. • First, the wastes and the needed materials, like glucose and water, are filtered out of blood • Second, the needed materials are returned to the blood and wastes are eliminated.

29. What happens in a nephron? Not on Notes – but read and discuss 1. Blood flows from an artery into a nephron in the kidney. 2. Blood reaches a cluster of capillaries. There – urea, water, glucose, and other materials are filtered out of the blood. These materials pass into a capsule that surrounds the capillaries. 3. The materials that were removed pass into a long, twisting tube that is surrounded by capillaries. 4. As the filtered material flows through the tube, most of the water and glucose are re-absorbed into the blood. Most of the urea stays in the tube. 5. After the reabsorbing process is complete, the liquid that remains in the tube is called urine.

30. What happens in a nephron? Not on Notes – but read and discuss artery • Blood flows from an ___________ into a nephron in the _______________. • Blood reaches a cluster of ____________ where ____________, ___________, __________, and _____________ are filtered out of the blood. • The materials that were removed pass into a long, twisting tube that is surrounded by ____________________. kidney capillaries water urea glucose other materials capillaries

31. What happens in a nephron? Not on Notes – but read and discuss 4. As the filtered material flows through the tube, most of the ________________ and the ______________ are re-absorbed into the blood. Most of the _______________ stays in the tube. 5. After the _________________________ process is complete, the liquid that remains in the tube is called __________________. water glucose urea re-absorbing urine

32. Not on Notes – but read and discuss Nephrons Capillaries Capillaries Urea water, glucose Urea, water, glucose, and other materials… Kidney

33. After the reabsorbing process is complete, the liquid that remains in the tube is called… URINE.

34. What happens in the Nephrons? Just to review… Materials and wastes go through the tubes Protein, glucose, most water, and some other materials return to the blood Wastes and small amounts of water stay and are excreted

35. Analyzing signs of disease… Doctors will dip a strip of paper into urine to test for the presence of glucose and protein. The presence of Glucose = diabetes The presence of Protein = kidneys not functioning correctly

36. Homeostasis with Excretion • Excretion maintains homeostasis by keeping the body’s internal environment stable and free of harmful levels of chemicals. • Kidneys • Lungs and Skin • Liver

37. Homeostasis • Kidneys • Regulate amount of water in your body • Hot day – you will sweat a lot, but you don’t drink a lot so you excrete small amounts of urine

38. Homeostasis • Lungs and Skin • Exhale carbon dioxide and water vapor • Sweat water and urea • Liver • Breaks down wastes before excreting them

39. Word Bank • Kidney • Bladder • Nephron • Blood vessel/blood • Ureters • Urethra

40. Are there any questions?