1 / 8

Joints and Movement

CARTILAGE Joint surfaces are also covered by smooth, slippery hyaline cartilage. This aids the production of synovial fluid. Joints often include another kind of cartilage, called white fibro-cartilage. This is smooth and hard in order to help free movement, fibro-cartilage is tough and elastic.

liko
Download Presentation

Joints and Movement

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

    1. Joints and Movement There are many types of joint in the body, including joints that we do not move and joints that only move slightly. The movement of joints are important factors affecting participation and performance. JOINT STRUCTURE Most joints are synovial joints. Synovial joints are enclosed inside a capsule filled with a lubricating fluid, called synovial fluid. This fluid reduces the friction on the joint surfaces as they move against each other. A membrane seals the synovial capsule so that the fluid does not leak out.

    2. CARTILAGE Joint surfaces are also covered by smooth, slippery hyaline cartilage. This aids the production of synovial fluid. Joints often include another kind of cartilage, called white fibro-cartilage. This is smooth and hard in order to help free movement, fibro-cartilage is tough and elastic. It acts as a shock absorber cushioning impact on the synovial joints. For example the knee contains fibro-cartilage to cushion the joint against the impact of walking, running and jumping. LIGAMENTS AND TENDONS Ligaments and tendon hold together moving joints. Ligaments are very strong elastic fibres that keep joints intact.

    3. All the major joints rely on ligaments and tendons for stability. Ligaments attach bone to bone. Tendons attach muscles to bones. Both ligaments and tendons can be strained or torn as a result of violent movement. TYPES OF MOVEMENT Since movement is so important in sport and physical activity, there are terms to describe the different kinds of movement. FLEXION EXTENSION ROTATION ABDUCTION ADDUCTION

    4. DIFFERENT TYPES OF MOVEMENT: FLEXION - flexion is the bending of a joint. For example, flexion occurs at the knee as the foot is drawn back to kick a ball. EXTENSION - extension is the straightening of a limb at the joint. For example, when putting the shot the elbow is straightened during release. ROTATION - rotation is the ‘swivelling of a joint. for example, moving the head from side to side.

    5. ABDUCTION AND ADDUCTION - Abduction involves moving a limb(s) away from the the central axis of your body. Adduction is the opposite from abduction, moving a limb(s) back towards the central axis of your body. The central axis is a straight line travelling from the top of your head straight down to the ground.

    6. Types of Joints The type of joints that are particularly important for physical activity and sport are: BALL AND SOCKET JOINT - allows a full range of movement. E.g. the hip and shoulder joints HINGE JOINT - movement in one plane: flexion and extension. E.g the knee and elbow joints

    7. GLIDING JOINT These occur in the many small bones of the hand and feet. They allow a slight sliding motion forwards and backwards and from side to side. PIVOT JOINT Allows rotation. E.g. atlas and axis in the neck.

    8. TASK: The picture shows: 1: Shoulder joint -ball and socket 2: Elbow joint - hinge joint Can you name another ball and socket or hinge joint?

More Related