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Environmental G overnance and Development C ooperation – Achievements and Challenges. Helle Munk Ravnborg Danish Institute for Institute for International Studies Rasmus Kløcker Larsen Swedish Environment Institute
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Environmental Governance and Development Cooperation – Achievements and Challenges HelleMunkRavnborgDanish Institute for Institute for International Studies RasmusKløckerLarsenSwedish Environment Institute Mikkel Funder, DIISDanish Institute for Institute for International Studies
The context: Low ecological footprint in developing countries Source: WWF Living Planet Report 2012 - nevertheless Significant costs of environmental degradation to developing countries Source: World Bank, Country Environmental Analyses; Courtesy of RohitKhanna % of GDP
“A march against nemagon by Nicaraguan farm workers – 2005” Courtesy to La RelAgrotóxicos
The achievements: Out of 103 developing countries: 1986: 9 had general environmental legislation 2008: 86 had general environmental legislation Source: Ecolex.org, own processing
The achievements: 21 developing countries 22,917 environmentally oriented aid activities 1992-2009: >60 aid activities per year per country Source: AidData, own processing
The challenges: • Environmental governance as a new policy field • Enforcement capacity is still low • Blind spots and the politicaleconomy of environmental governance inhibit that problems are addressed • International environmental conventions as legal and legitimate platform for local and global environmental governance and for claiming environmental rights Courtesy to Mikkel Funder Courtesy to Courtesy to David Francois Courtesy to La RelAgrotóxicos
The recommendations: • Support efforts to strengthen enforcement capacity – district-level and horizontal integration • Support efforts to strengthen claim-making capacity of citizens through support for accessible authorities and CSOs • Participate in efforts to strengthen international environmental conventions as a legitimate platform for international environmental (development) cooperation Courtesy to Mikkel Funder Courtesy to Courtesy to David Francois Courtesy to La RelAgrotóxicos
“Without international support, we would never have been able to address the environmental problems we have in my district” • – district environmental officer, San Pedro de Lóvago, Nicaragua, April 2012 • For more information please visit:www.diis.dk/recom Courtesy to Mikkel Funder Courtesy to Courtesy to David Francois Courtesy to La RelAgrotóxicos