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DNA has the code but RNA carries DNA’s instructions to the ribosomes

KEY CONCEPT Transcription is the process of converting the DNA’s code for one gene into an RNA strand. DNA has the code but RNA carries DNA’s instructions to the ribosomes. DNA must remain “safe” in the nucleus while RNA can leave to carry the gene’s code to the ribosome.

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DNA has the code but RNA carries DNA’s instructions to the ribosomes

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  1. KEY CONCEPT Transcription is the process of converting the DNA’s code for one gene into an RNA strand.

  2. DNA has the code but RNA carries DNA’s instructions to the ribosomes • DNA must remain “safe” in the nucleus while RNA can leave to carry the gene’s code to the ribosome

  3. RNA: Ribonucleic Acid • RNA differs from DNA in three major ways. (1) RNA is a single-stranded molecule. (2) RNA has a ribose sugar as its 5-carbon sugar (3) RNA has uracil insteadof thymine.

  4. Transcription copies DNA’s code to make a strand of RNA • Why? • Make an expendable copy to send out of the nucleus • DNA can stay safe in nucleus • When? • At the start of Protein Synthesis • Where? • In the nucleus

  5. transcription complex start site nucleotides How? (1) An enzyme recognizes the start of a gene and “unzips” the weak hydrogen bonds in DNA.

  6. DNA RNA polymerase moves along the DNA (2) Free-floating RNA nucleotides attach to the left strand of the DNA, forming hydrogen bonds. (nucleotide=sugar+phosphate+base)

  7. RNA • Covalent bonds are created. • RNA pulls away from the DNA and the DNA strands “zip” back up.

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