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What were the Causes and Tools for European Exploration in the 15 th Century?

What were the Causes and Tools for European Exploration in the 15 th Century?. Global History & Geography 10 th Grade Boys & Girls / Al-Madinah School Saturday, January 4, 2020. What is Exploration?. To find out To learn about new things To discover To survey for resources

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What were the Causes and Tools for European Exploration in the 15 th Century?

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  1. What were the Causes and Tools for European Exploration in the 15th Century? Global History & Geography 10th Grade Boys & Girls / Al-Madinah School Saturday, January 4, 2020

  2. What is Exploration? • To find out • To learn about new things • To discover • To survey for resources • Technically It means, “the expeditions of European nations in the 15th and 16th centuries to Asia, Africa and Americas to look for business opportunities.”

  3. Causes of Exploration • Europeans have provided 3 reasons: Known as 3 Gs • God: To spread Christianity • Glory: To gain name & fame • Gold: To gain wealth • To look for an alternative sea route to Asia • Ottoman control of Constantinople and Muslim & Italian control of Eastern Mediterranean.

  4. Alternate Route

  5. Means & Tools of Explorations Spanish Reconquista • Marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon & Isabella of Castile in 1469 • Conquest of Granada in 1492 • Expulsion of Muslims and Jews from Spain. • Political and religious unity of Spain was achieved.

  6. Technology • The Printing Press • Johannes Gutenberg invented movable printing press in 1456 • This enabled literacy to spread • Books were made easily available • Europeans learned about geography easily.

  7. Technology Contd… • Gunpowder • Muslim traders introduced gunpowder to Europe in the 1200s. • New Military weapons were made. • Portuguese started to equip their ships with cannons • Naval Technology • New Maps (cartography) • Magnetic Compass • Astrolabe • New Ships (Caravels)

  8. Early Explorations • Portuguese takes the lead • Prince Henry (the Navigator) establishes navigation school in Lisbon • Gathers scientists, cartographers and shipbuilders • Bartholomeu Dias explores West coast of Africa and reaches Cape of Good Hope • Vasco Da Gama sails acorss Indian Ocean and reaches Indian port of Goa.

  9. Spain & Portugal Constantinople Italy Goa Cape Town

  10. Columbus & Portuguese-Spanish Rivalry • Isabella funded an expedition of Italian sailor Christopher Columbus to sail across Atlantic to reach India by going westward • Columbus reached Hispaniola in the Caribbean in 1492. • Both Spain and Portugal claimed the island. • In 1493 Pope Alexander VI mediated a treaty between the two countries. • Treaty of Tordesillas settled the dispute

  11. Homework Questions 1, 2, 4 and 5 on page 413

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