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Unifications of Europe Italy and Germany

Unifications of Europe Italy and Germany. WHII #25. Unification of Italy (1870). By the mid 1800s, Italy was still broken up into several different city-states or principalities Each city-state was ruled by a monarch or prince

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Unifications of Europe Italy and Germany

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  1. Unifications of EuropeItaly and Germany WHII #25

  2. Unification of Italy (1870) • By the mid 1800s, Italy was still broken up into several different city-states or principalities • Each city-state was ruled by a monarch or prince • There was not one unified government, nor was their one unified leader • Beginning around 1830, there was a push among many Italians to make Italy one single state • This push was mainly due to NATIONALISM

  3. Two Revolutions • Beginning in 1848, Italy started fighting its first of three wars for independence against the princes to unite the country • In the north the revolutionaries were led by a politician named Count Cavour – Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia • In the South, the revolutionaries were led by a fearless Italian general named Giuseppe Garibaldi • Those who fought with Garibaldi were known as the Red Shirts

  4. German Unification • Germany was broken up into two main regions: • The Kingdom of Prussia • The German Principalities – several small kingdoms ruled by a prince • Like Italy, these different areas were not united under one ruler (with the exception of Prussia) • It would take a great event to unite both Prussia and the principalities - That event was the Franco-Prussian War

  5. Franco-Prussian War • The Franco-Prussian War was fought between France and Prussia over territory • The Prussian minister, Otto von Bismarck, concocted a plan that would assuredly help Prussia win the war – he would unite the Prussian empire with the German principalities • Bismarck stressed nationalismand knew that a united German state would be one of the strongest powers in all of Europe • When Germany unified together, France was powerless and Germany quickly won the war

  6. German Unification • Bismarck was named the first Chancellor of the newly formed German Empire, while Wilhelm I was named the Emperor of Germany • Germany took territory from France, which would be one of the leading causes of World War I • Out of all of this unification, an important political philosophy came from Bismarck known as Realpolitik • This political idea promoted the notion that a country should use any means necessary to pursue its goals

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