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Early Latin America

Early Latin America. Chapter 19. Spain’s Conquests. Spain set up a colony on Hispaniola in 1493, used the Taino as slaves Spain replicated this pattern throughout the Caribbean islands, Panama, and Mexico Forts were established in Havana, San Juan, and Santo Domingo

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Early Latin America

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  1. Early Latin America Chapter 19

  2. Spain’s Conquests • Spain set up a colony on Hispaniola in 1493, used the Taino as slaves • Spain replicated this pattern throughout the Caribbean islands, Panama, and Mexico • Forts were established in Havana, San Juan, and Santo Domingo • Spain used the Caribbean to experiment with settlements styles (Indian attacks, Hurricanes, checkerboard layout) • The Adventurous, disappointed, and greedy flocked to the Latin America and later African Slaves to work plantations • Catholicism was presented or forced to the locals

  3. Spain’s Conquests • Diseases killed millions, and livestock numbers increased due to the surplus of land • Native peoples were exploited by taxes, work or just enslaved • Potosi in Peru (Bolivia today) was the greatest Silver mine and had a population of 160,000 • Haciendas were where the aristocracy build wealth and power in the New World • Some priests became Indian rights advocates • King ruled the land from overseas, and governors ruled in their name in the New World

  4. Brazil and Portugal • Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) allowed Portugal to keep Brazil, but could not gain more lands West of the line • Brazil was accidently when Cabral was blown off course on his way to India • It was set up as a plantation colony 30 years later (sugar, tropical fruits, later gold found in interior) • Sugar demand in Europe fueled slave demand in Brazil • A Spanish like Bureaucracy emerged • Minas Gerais used 35,000 slaves to mine Gold • Gold allowed churches to grow and employed artists creating an artistic culture

  5. Maps of Empires • i

  6. Brazil Continued w/ Spain Again • Castas emerged making race and place of birth very important • Marriages were arranged and mixed marriages were encouraged by the King of Portugal and Spain • The Bourbon rulers of Spain made reforms to make a stronger centralized government in their empire (Charles III 1759-1788) • Pombal of Portugal reformed Brazil looking to stop Gold theft, tax evasion, and contraband (also abolished slavery in Portugal) • Growth of Europeans and slaves increased to Latin America creating a mix of old and new cultures

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