Springfield Sockeye Hatchery Program Jeff Heindel – IDFG

1. Springfield Sockeye Hatchery Program Jeff Heindel – IDFG LSRCP Production Meeting – Boise, ID

2. Project Team • Idaho Department of Fish & Game • Jeff Heindel – Project Manager, Boise HQ • Doug Engemann – Hatchery Manager, Springfield • Bonneville Power Administration • Jan Brady – COTR, Portland Office • Jeff Gislason, Greg Baesler (retired) – BPA • BPA Environmental Services • NOAA Fisheries • Shoshone-Bannock Tribes • IDFG Eagle FH, Sawtooth FH, Fish Research

3. Presentation Outline Background and review of current conservation program Review new hatchery design, timelines, and next steps

4. Compass Bearings Sawtooth Basin Springfield Hatchery

5. Snake River Sockeye Salmon • Longest migration (about 900 miles) • Highest elevation (about 6,500 ft.) • Most southerly population

6. Snake River Sockeye Salmon • Pre-western civilization - - up to 30,000 sockeye salmon returned to the Sawtooth Basin • 1910 to 1934 Sunbeam Dam era – access to nursery lakes questionable • Between 1953 and 1964, Redfish Lake sockeye returns monitored – high return 4,300

7. Protection under the ESA • In 1990, the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of Idaho petitioned the NMFS to list Snake River Sockeye Salmon • Prior to listing, (in May,1991) the IDFG collected Redfish Lake out-migrating smolts and the four anadromous adults that returned in August, 1991 to initiate the conservation program

8. Protection under the ESA • In November, 1991, NMFS concluded that Snake River Sockeye Salmon met the criteria for an ESU (Evolutionarily Significant Unit) and the population was listed as endangered

9. Captive Broodstock Development Founding contributors to the broodstock - - • 16 wild sockeye (all that returned in ‘90s) • several hundred out-migrating sockeye smolts • 26 “residual” sockeye salmon

10. Conservation Goals • Near-term program goals – • avoid population extinction • conserve population genetic diversity • begin increasing numbers in the wild

11. Facilities and Locations • Existing facilities: • IDFG Eagle Fish Hatchery • IDFG Sawtooth Fish Hatchery • NOAA Manchester Research Station • NOAA Burley Creek Hatchery • ODFW Oxbow Fish Hatchery

12. Facilities and Locations IDFG Eagle Captive brood building

13. Facilities and Locations IDFG Eagle Captive brood building

14. Facilities and Locations IDFG Sawtooth Fish Hatchery

15. Facilities and Locations IDFG Sawtooth Fish Hatchery “Borrowed” space

16. Facilities and Locations NOAA conservation hatchery locations

17. Facilities and Locations NOAA Manchester Research Station

18. Facilities and Locations NOAA Manchester Research Station seawater rearing

19. Facilities and Locations NOAA Burley Creek Hatchery freshwater rearing

20. Facilities and Locations ODFG Oxbow Fish Hatchery Bonneville Dam

21. Facilities and Locations “Borrowed” space ODFG Oxbow Fish Hatchery Bonneville Dam

22. Facilities and Locations Eagle Hatchery Redfish Lake Sawtooth Hatchery Springfield Hatchery

23. Valley Creek Stanley Lake 81 ha Salmon River STANLEY Redfish Lake Creek Fishhook Crk. Sawtooth Fish Hatchery Redfish Lake 615 ha Yellowbelly Lake 73 ha Pettit Lake 160 ha Alturas Lake 338 ha Idaho 10 mi. 0 2 4 6 8 15 km. 5 0 10 Facilities and Locations

24. Redfish Lake Surface area: 6.15 km2, 2.37 mi2 Max. depth: 91.5 m, 300 ft Photo courtesy Shoshone-Bannock Tribes

25. Alturas Lake Surface area: 3.38 km2, 1.30 mi2 Max. depth: 53.0 m, 174.0 ft Photo courtesy Shoshone-Bannock Tribes

26. Pettit Lake Surface area: 1.62 km2, 0.63 mi2 Max. depth: 52 m, 170 ft Photo courtesy Shoshone-Bannock Tribes

27. Conservation Program Results • First hatchery-produced adults out-planted in 1993 • First hatchery-produced juveniles planted in 1994 • First hatchery-produced anadromous adults back in 1999

28. Conservation Program Results • Maintain captive broodstock • “Surplus” eggs and fish out-planted to Redfish, Alturas and Pettit lakes

29. Conservation Program Results • “Surplus” eggs and fish out-planted to Redfish, Alturas and Pettit lakes • Eggs (egg box releases)

30. Conservation Program Results • “Surplus” eggs and fish out-planted to Redfish, Alturas and Pettit lakes • Eggs (egg box releases) • Age-0 pre-smolts

31. Conservation Program Results • “Surplus” eggs and fish out-planted to Redfish, Alturas and Pettit lakes • Eggs (egg box releases) • Age-0 pre-smolts • Age-1 smolts

32. Conservation Program Results • “Surplus” eggs and fish out-planted to Redfish, Alturas and Pettit lakes • Eggs (egg box releases) • Age-0 pre-smolts • Age-1 smolts • Pre-spawn adults

33. Conservation Program Results Eyed-egg and pre-smolt releases account for 77.3% of all juvenile releases ( 22.7% = smolts)

34. Conservation Program Results • 2008 – 650 adults to Sawtooth Basin • 2009 – 833 adults • 2010 - 1,355 adults (most since 1955) • 2011 – 1,118 adults • 2012 – 257 adults

35. Conservation Program Results • After nearly 20 years of implementation, the program has successfully met its primary conservation objectives by: • Applying state-of-the art fish husbandry techniques • Maximizing effective population size and population genetic diversity • Maximizing the numbers of breeders per generation • Managing genetic risks (inbreeding, domestication selection) • Comprehensive m&e and adaptive management

36. Conservation Goals • Near-term program goals – • avoid population extinction • conserve population genetic diversity • begin increasing numbers in the wild

37. Conservation Goals • Near-term program goals – • avoid population extinction • conserve population genetic diversity • begin increasing numbers in the wild

38. Facilities and Locations Eagle Hatchery Redfish Lake Sawtooth Hatchery Springfield Hatchery

39. Springfield Fish Hatchery

40. Springfield Fish Hatchery • Springfield Hatchery will contribute significantly by: • Establishing a self-sustaining anadromous broodstock which will reduce the reliance on the captive broodstock • Increase population fitness and reduce the risks associated with domestication selection • Provide adults to out-plant to lakes to increase natural spawning and juvenile production

41. Springfield Fish Hatchery • Phased approach • Phase I: Captive broodstock phase (already in progress) • Phase II: Re-colonization phase – large smolt production facility dedicated to culture of SR sockeye = SPRINGFIELD • Phase III: Local Adaptation phase

42. Springfield Fish Hatchery • Phase II: Re-colonization phase • Initiate with development of expanded smolt program at Springfield Hatchery • Generate anadromous adult returns sufficient to meet broodstock and escapement objectives to lakes • Maintain RFL (Eagle Hatchery) program • Phase out NOAA safety net entirely

43. Springfield Fish Hatchery

44. Springfield Fish Hatchery • Overview of hatchery site • 72 acre parcel owned by IDFG • Existing (abandoned) hatchery previously operated as a private trout farm • 50 cfs water right • Nine artesian wells approx. 250 ft deep • Water temp – constant 10.2 C • 4 acre public fishing pond

45. Springfield Fish Hatchery

46. Springfield Fish Hatchery

47. Springfield Fish Hatchery • Add pumps to existing; 2 new wells / develop and maintain 50 cfs water right

48. Springfield Fish Hatchery • 13,620 square feet hatchery/office / 2,830 square feet shop/storage

49. Springfield Fish Hatchery • Three new staff residences (3 bed, 2 bath, den; 1800 sq. ft.; 24’x24’ detached garage)

50. Springfield Fish Hatchery • Degassing headbox; maintain artesian / 22 early rearing vats (fiberglass) / office, meeting, lab space