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Relay Modeling, a response to 2011 Arizona to California Outage

Relay Modeling, a response to 2011 Arizona to California Outage. Tracy Rolstad July 2013. N Gila— Hassayampa (15:27:39) . 37 sec. New Solution ? Extended Term Dynamics?. Direct Response of MSRASTF. What happened during the 2011 outage? Overcurrent functions Distance Relays So…

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Relay Modeling, a response to 2011 Arizona to California Outage

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  1. Relay Modeling, a response to 2011 Arizona to California Outage Tracy Rolstad July 2013

  2. N Gila—Hassayampa (15:27:39) 37 sec New Solution ? Extended Term Dynamics?

  3. Direct Response of MSRASTF • What happened during the 2011 outage? • Overcurrent functions • Distance Relays • So… • Overcurrent relays are first • Well understood • Informal survey indicates there are not that many • Compared to distance devices

  4. Fall 2012 Assessment • Only PTI TIOCR model existed • “Curve” based input • Discussion with software suppliers… • GE created LOCTI by December 2012 (Yay!) • “Curve” based input • PowerWorld creates TIOCRS model (March 2013) • “Standard” equation based input • Behind the scenes just a curve

  5. Standard Curves for TIOCRS • TIOCRS (note “standard” inputs)

  6. LINE RELAY MODELS AVAILABLE

  7. Present State of the Art • TIOCR • LOCTI • TIOCRS • All of these work as expected • Of marginal use in transient stability (depends on settings) • Rather useful in power flow • Now imported into PowerWorld power flow

  8. Parameter Data Gathering • System Planning does not have access to parameters • Collaboration with the Protection Group to access data • The Protection Group supplied excel spreadsheet with the requested data – queried from database held in PowerBase program (an Avista experience) • Difficulty: relating database nomenclature with simulation nomenclature • Best approach may be by hand – automated relationship database hard to develop (depending on form of data from Protection Group)

  9. MVWG Action Taken • Approve the Requirements AND the Models • TIOCR • LOCTI • TIOCRS

  10. Software Provider Action • Interoperability of WECC approved models is key • Generally speaking a curve based over current relay model is available is at least three softwares used in WECC • Investigation needed as to PowerTech, V&R, etc • Action is needed to accommodate the equation based input over current relay

  11. Next Steps (working on this) • All inclusive distance relay • Combines “best of” features of existing technology • “Feels like” a merging of ZPOTT and DISTR1 • Contains a discrete transfer trip function • Can turn OFF trip function to model communication failure • Has fault detection/low current inhibition • Has the “far end branch” defined for the purposes of ease of use. • Can Ignore/Report/Report & Trip • Contains standard distance elements of usual shapes • 3 zones, blocking shapes, mho circle, etc

  12. Assessment • We are behind the proposed timeline. • 2014 dynamics data submission will contain over current relays. • Likely 2015 will be the distance relays. • Non positive sequence based relay model is at least 2 years out • Which is ok since the form of the functionality needs to be exercised in the 3 phase fault/positive sequence world first.

  13. Parking Lot for Over Current Relays • We CAN make things better… • Add directionality to existing over current relay models • Conversations with vendors indicates this is straight forward • Add flag for power flow direction • 0 ignore power flow direction • 1 power flow direction must be in same direction of relay defined direction (i.e. From/To definition) • -1 power flow must be in opposite direction of relay defined direction (i.e. From/To definition) • Hope to have this happen concurrent with 2014 data submissions.

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