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Stomach, Intestines and Accessory Organs

Stomach, Intestines and Accessory Organs. Do Now. List the path of this morning’s breakfast through the Digestive Tract, from start to finish. Do Now. Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small Intestines Large Intestines Rectum. What to Eat. Talk with your partner about the reading

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Stomach, Intestines and Accessory Organs

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  1. Stomach, Intestines and Accessory Organs

  2. Do Now List the path of this morning’s breakfast through the Digestive Tract, from start to finish

  3. Do Now Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small Intestines Large Intestines Rectum

  4. What to Eat • Talk with your partner about the reading • What did you like about the reading? • Anything you did not like? • Style of writing? • Confusing? • Prepare to respond

  5. Review • STOMACH • The diameter and volume of the stomach varies depending on the amount of food it contains • Can hold up to 1 gallon of food • When it is empty, it collapses inward and folds into “rugae” • Main functions • “Storage tank” • Food break down • Minimal absorption

  6. Stomach • Site of breakdown of proteins • Contains deep gastric pits which house protein-digesting enzymes • What is an enzyme? • Cells produce Hydrochloric Acid creating a highly acidic nature in the stomach • Stomach maintains a pH of approx. 2.0 • Very Acidic? Mildly Acidic? Mildly Basic? Very Basic?

  7. pH Scale

  8. Stomach • If the stomach is so acidic, why does it not eat away at itself? • The Answer: Mucous • Ulcers are the result of gastric juice penetrating the lining of the stomach • Caused by bacteria becoming present on the stomach lining and prevents the secretion of mucous

  9. Ulcers

  10. Duodenum • First part of the small intestines • Chyme enters duodenum by spurts from the stomach • Chyme? • Proteins and carbohydrates are now partially digested • Fats not yet started to become digested

  11. Pancreas Releases pancreatic juice into the small intestines Neutralizes the acidic material from the stomach

  12. Gallbladder Located right below liver Stores bile Helps break down large fat molecules into smaller particles Fat gets absorbed, the then the bile is also reabsorbed back into the liver

  13. Small Intestines • Digestion using enzymes • Main site of absorption of nutrients • Includes • Duodenum • Jejunum • Ileum • Don’t get punched in the jejunum… • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHulRDk__ko

  14. Small Intestines • Approximately 3 meters long • Numerous projections called villi that function to increase surface area • Total surface area of 500-600 square meters • Why is increased surface area important?

  15. Large Intestines • Also called the colon • Colon cancer? • Receives approximately 10 liters of water per day • 1.5 L from food • 8.5 L is from secretions • Last major part of the digestive system • Function is to remove water from indigestible food, and then pass waste material from the body • Takes approx. 16 hours to finish digestion

  16. Large Intestines • Also absorbs sodium and other ions • If water is not absorbed, diarrhea can result • Causes dehydration and ion loss

  17. Polyps • Small growths in the lining of the colon (large intestines) • Cancerous (malignant) or benign • Benign? • Low-fat, high-fiber diets are recommened to protect against colon cancer

  18. Liver Important in metabolism, glycogen storage and detoxification Many vital functions Secretes bile Cannot live without a liver

  19. Homework Read 3/31 p. 470-474 Split page notes – ATLEAST 1 page

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