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7 th Grade Common Assessment Review Part 2

7 th Grade Common Assessment Review Part 2. Digestive System. Main Functions: Digestion : the mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods within the stomach and intestines Absorption : the passage of digested food from the digestive tract into the cardiovascular system

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7 th Grade Common Assessment Review Part 2

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  1. 7th Grade Common Assessment Review Part 2

  2. Digestive System Main Functions: • Digestion: the mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods within the stomach and intestines • Absorption: the passage of digested food from the digestive tract into the cardiovascular system • Elimination: the body’s expulsion of undigested foods or body waste

  3. Digestive System Metabolism - -The rate at which the body breaks down food and coverts it to energy

  4. Digestive System Why do we need to eat fats, carbohydrates and proteins in our daily diet? Fats = provides energy and essential to brain development, blood clotting and controlling inflammation Carbohydrates = provides energy in foods like fruits, vegetables and starches Proteins = promotes muscle repair and cellular growth

  5. Digestive System Main Organs = Helper Organs = MouthPancreas EsophagusLiver StomachGallbladder Small Intestine Large Intestine

  6. Problems / Illnesses of the System Indigestion-discomfort in abdomen Constipation-bowel movements are difficult Heartburn- burning sensation in throat Gas-caused by the breakdown of foods/uncomfortable feeling Nausea-feeling of discomfort/precedes vomiting Diarrhea-frequent, watery bowel movements

  7. Respiratory System Main Function = The exchange of gases between the body and the environment

  8. Respiratory System Muscle that helps with the movement of air in and out of the lungs is the….. Diaphragm

  9. Respiratory System Organs of the system = Trachea = windpipe Pharynx = throat Larynx = voicebox Lungs = two cone-shaped organs that are essential for breathing Bronchi = airway tubes into the lungs Bronchioles = smaller air tubes Diaphragm = muscle that controls the movement of air in and out of the body

  10. Respiratory System Problems of the system- Bronchitis = inflammation of the bronchi Asthma = inflammatory condition of the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles which makes breathing difficult Pneumonia = inflammation of the lungs caused by a bacterial or viral infection Tuberculosis = contagious bacterial infection Emphysema = a disease that progressively destroys the walls of the alveoli

  11. Circulatory System Main Function = Transports oxygen to all parts of the body, removes wastes and helps to fight diseases in the body

  12. Circulatory System Components of this system = Heart Blood Blood vessels

  13. Circulatory System Heart Attacks – Occurs when there is blockage of the flow of blood to the heart and causes damage to the heart muscle

  14. Circulatory System Purpose of: White Blood Cells = protect the body against infection Red Blood Cells = carry oxygen to the cells of the body Platelets = help blood to clot

  15. Circulatory System Function of : Veins = blood vessels that return blood to the heart Arteries = blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart Capillaries = smallest of the blood vessels that carry blood arterioles and to small vessels called venules which empty into veins

  16. Endocrine System Organs = Pituitary Gland – master gland of the body Thyroid Gland – produces hormones Hormones-chemical substances that help to regulate body functions Adrenal Glands – help the body deal with stress and to respond to emergencies

  17. Urinary System Main Purpose = To filter waste and extra fluid from the blood

  18. Urinary System Organs = Kidneys = remove waste products from the blood with nephrons Ureters = tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder/carries urine Bladder = stores urine Urethra = tube that leads from the bladder to outside the body

  19. Urinary System Problems – Cystitis = inflammation of the bladder Urethritis = inflammation of the urethra Kidney stones = when salts in the urine crystallize into solid stones

  20. Reproductive System Male organs = TesticlesSemen = sperm cells, prostate fluid and Epididymis seminal fluid Vas deferens Seminal Vesicles Prostate Gland Which organ produces sperm? Penis

  21. Reproductive System Female organs = Uterus What organ produces egg cells? Fallopian Tubes Cervix Ovaries Vagina

  22. Reproductive System Sperm +Egg = ? Fertilization

  23. Reproductive System What is the name of the monthly cycle females experience that can be preceded by PMS? Menstruation

  24. Reproductive System When someone is unable to reproduce it is called…… Sterile

  25. Reproductive System The development of the human body that occurs in teens is called….. Puberty!

  26. Male Diagram

  27. Female Reproductive System Fallopian Tubes Uterus Cervix Ovaries Vagina Hymen

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