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Anvisman Mayarni , S.Pd ., M.Si. www.themegallery.com Organisasi Tingkat Kimia Semua zat yang berada di alam terdiri dari elemen Elemen yt zat yang tidak bisa lagi dibagi melalui reaksi kimia bisa Elemen berjumlah 106 macam dimana 92 macam didapat secara alamiah .
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AnvismanMayarni, S.Pd., M.Si www.themegallery.com Organisasi Tingkat Kimia Semuazat yang beradadialamterdiridarielemen Elemenytzat yang tidakbisalagidibagimelaluireaksikimiabisa Elemenberjumlah 106 macamdimana 92 macamdidapatsecaraalamiah. Dari semuaelemen 24 macamterdapatdalamtubuhyt C, H, O, N mencakup 96% beratbadan Ca dan P 3 % dan 18 lainyayt Na, K, Cl, Fe, I, Cu dsbmencakupkuranglebih 1 % beratbadan
Elementerdiridari atom, atom terkeciladalah H Atom H berpenampang 1 A 1 A = 1/ 10 nm = 1/10.000 mikron = 1/ 10.000.000 mm = 1/ 100.000.000 cm ATomterdiridrintidanelektron Dalamintiadapartikelygbermuatanpositifyt proton danpartikel yang tidakbermuatan(netron)
Elektronbermuatannegatifdanmengelilingiinti . Bila atom bersenyawa dg yg lain disebutreaksikimia • Padareaksiterbentukprodukbaru • Khususreaksikimiainiygmenjadidasarkehidupan • Jumlah proton dlmintidisebutnomor atom jumlah proton tambahnetrondisebutberat atom • Elektronbergerakmengelilingiintidalamberbagai orbit ygdisebuttingkatanenergi. • [ Image information in product ] • Image : www.openas.com • Note to customers : This image has been licensed to be used within this PowerPoint template only. • You may not extract the image for any other use.
Sambungan .ket: .Tiap orbit berjaraktertentudrinti .Mempunyaijumlahelektronmaksimuntertentu .Orbit ke 1 maksimum 2 elektron,orbitke 2 max 8. .Orbit ke 3 ygbernomor atom kecildr 20 max 8 elekt . bernomor atom besardr 20 bisamengorbit 18 elekt .Semua atom berupayaoebitterluarnyamengikatelektronmaksimum .Untukini atom bisamelepaskanelektronterluarataumengambilelektrondr atom lain • [ Image information in product ] • Image : www.openas.com • Note to customers : This image has been licensed to be used within this PowerPoint template only. • You may not extract the image for any other use.
1 P + sambungan .Ataubisajuga 1 elektronmengorbitpada 2 inti Atom Hidrogen Nomor atom 1 Atom yg orbit terluarnyatdk Terisipenuhelektronbertendensi dg atom lain agar orbit terluarnyaterisipenuhelektron Reaksi in disebutreaksikimia 2pT2p2 Text Text Text • [ Image information in product ] • Image : www.openas.com • Note to customers : This image has been licensed to be used within this PowerPoint template only. • You may not extract the image for any other use.
Sambungan .ket: .Atom yg orbit terluarnyaterisipenuhelektelemeninnertdantdkmudahikutreaksikimia cont. helium Biladuaataulebihbersenyawamenghasilkanmolekulbisabersenyawa dg atom sama / beda . Atom dalamsatumolekuldiikatolehgayatarikdisebutikatankimia . Adatigajenisikatankimiaytikatanionik, ikatankovalendanikatanhidrogen • [ Image information in product ] • Image : www.openas.com • Note to customers : This image has been licensed to be used within this PowerPoint template only. • You may not extract the image for any other use.
Sambungan .Ikatanionik .Untukmenerangkanikatanionikkitaambilcontoh .Atom Clor 17 proton, 18 netron pd inti dg orbit elektron: 2 : 8 : 7, agar orbit terluarmenjadi 8 clorbertendensimengambil 1 elektrondr atom lain . Bilaelektronpada orbit terluar 8 makaClorsekarangkelebihan 1 elektronbermuatannegatif . SekarangsebagaiCl- .Natrium dg inti 11 proton dan 12 netron. Orbit elektronya 2: 8 : 1 Na bertendensimelepas 1 elektron. Na skrg 11 proton 10 elektron = Na + • [ Image information in product ] • Image : www.openas.com • Note to customers : This image has been licensed to be used within this PowerPoint template only. • You may not extract the image for any other use.
Sambungan .Na skrghanyapunya 2orbit elektronyt 2 : 8 ygstabil . Atom Cl-dan Na + salingtarikmenarikkarenaberbedamuatan . Gaya tarikinimenyebabkanmengikat Na ClmenjadimolekulNaCl (garamdapur • [ Image information in product ] • Image : www.openas.com • Note to customers : This image has been licensed to be used within this PowerPoint template only. • You may not extract the image for any other use.
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