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Progressivism Review

Progressivism Review. Reform. Change for the better. Rockefeller. Dominated the oil industry Practiced horizontal integration. Carnegie. Pioneered vertical integration Extremely wealthy by age 40 Donated $350 million by the time he died. Gustavus Swift.

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Progressivism Review

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  1. Progressivism Review

  2. Reform • Change for the better

  3. Rockefeller • Dominated the oil industry • Practiced horizontal integration

  4. Carnegie • Pioneered vertical integration • Extremely wealthy by age 40 • Donated $350 million by the time he died

  5. Gustavus Swift • Invented the refrigerated rail car

  6. Upton Sinclair • Wrote The Jungle based on close observations of how meat packers lived

  7. Trusts • Lower retail prices • Availability of items that were once luxuries • Development and use of new machinery

  8. Progressives • Ida Tarbell- anti- Rockefeller and Standard oil company • Uptn Sinclair- author • Ida B. Wells- anti-lynching • Lester Ward- thought science should be used to improve the human condition

  9. Political Reforms • Initiative • Recall • Referendum

  10. Politicians • Could stay in power by doing favors for people

  11. Immigrants • Settled in U.S. cities for JOBS

  12. Positives of Cities • Jobs • Electricity- lighting • Indoor plumbing

  13. Education • Laws were passed requiring children to attend school • Illiteracy rates declined

  14. Immigrant Challenges • U.S. cities with- • Gambling • Robbery • Political Corruption

  15. Problems of Cities • Waste disposal problems • Slum Housing • Crime

  16. Monopolies • Attempted to control the market by eliminating competition

  17. Progressive Reformers • Wanted to give voters more direct say in lawmaking

  18. New Immigrants • Wave that came over around 1900 • Mainly from Italy, Greece, Russia, and other areas of Southern and Eastern Europe • Came for opportunity- better wages, religious and political freedom

  19. New Immigrants • More likely to be • Illiterate • Poor • Catholic or non-Protestant

  20. Arrival Points Ellis Island for those coming across the Atlantic Angel Island for those coming across the Pacific

  21. Nativism • Idea that America should NOT allow more immigrants

  22. Theodore Roosevelt • Became famous as a Rough Rider on San Juan Hill • Western Rancher • Asthmatic • Became President when McKinley was assassinated

  23. Roosevelt’s Accomplishments • Meat Inspection Act of 1906 • Increased number of national parks • Arbitrated the United Mine Workers Strike

  24. 1902 Coal Miner’s Strike • TR threatened to send federal troops to take control of mines

  25. Woodrow Wilson • Due to the Republican split, won the election of 1912 in an electoral landslide

  26. Wilson • Allowed press conferences • Supported the Underwood Tariff reduction bill • Program was known as “New Freedom”

  27. 1912 Election • Woodrow Wilson- Democrat • William Howard Taft- Republican • Teddy Roosevelt- Progressive

  28. Booker T. Washington • Felt African Americans should work hard and gradually earn the respect of Whites • Some called this – “Accommodation”

  29. Accommodation • Idea that economic success for blacks was more important than racial equality

  30. W.E.B. Du Bois • Felt blacks should receive equality immediately

  31. Federal Trade Commission • Established to stop unfair business practices among companies • Supported by Wilson

  32. Underwood Tariff • Established to reduce the tariff • High tariffs had been protecting American business

  33. Jane Addams • Wealthy woman that moved to Chicago and built Hull House to help the poor

  34. Issues of Alcohol • Viewed as a cause of violence against women, cause of worker absenteeism and accidents, and a health concern • Temperance Movement- wanted to eliminate alcohol and problems associated with it • Women’s Christian Temperance Movement- campaigned for temperance

  35. Rational Use • TR’s idea that forests be preserved for public use

  36. Amendments • 16th- Allowed for Income Tax • 17th- Direct election of senators • 19th- Women gain the right to vote

  37. Robert La Follette • Wisconsin Governor responsible for a great deal of reform legislation

  38. Muckrakers • Writers whose articles attacked problems in the U.S.

  39. 19th amendment • Gave women the right to vote

  40. Suffrage • The right to vote

  41. Leon Czolgosz • Assassinated President McKinley

  42. Immigrant • Person entering a country to live there

  43. Margaret Sanger • Spoke to women about preventing pregnancy

  44. Eugene V. Debs • Socialists candidate in 1912 presidential election

  45. Urbanization • Growth of cities

  46. Tenement Buildings • Crowded, run down apartments in slums

  47. Tariff • Tax on imported goods

  48. Nativism • Preference for native-born Americans over immigrants

  49. Teddy Roosevelt • McKinley’s vice-president, became the youngest president ever

  50. Temperance Movement • Drive to restrict or prohibit use of alcohol

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