Emma A. & Zaria Rey & D’Najah Shyniqua & Nigeria Jared & Taylor Gigi & Will Jessenia & Rebecca

1. Emma A. & Zaria Rey & D’Najah Shyniqua & Nigeria Jared & Taylor Gigi & Will Jessenia & Rebecca Logan & Jasmine Drew & Ambria Yarah & Diego Blaikley & Jake Emma R. & Grayson Allison & Miguel Jonathan & Brea Jayshon, Hope, & Carson Partners for DBQ – 4th Period(1)Pick up a DBQ packet when you enter the room. DO NOT WRITE ON IT.(2) Please sit with your partner(s).

2. D’Shon & Jayda Stephen & Julie Ben B. & Ricardo Ben E. & Anna Jordan & Hope Grant & Fernando Stefanie & Maritza Neely & Harley McRae & Yair Annie & Connor Kayla & Guerin Juan & Danielle Andrew & Katie Cheyanne & Abby Kole & Isabel Partners for DBQ – 5th Period(1)Pick up a DBQ packet when you enter the room. DO NOT WRITE ON IT.(2) Please sit with your partner(s).

3. Amir & Evelyn Sierra & Colin Kenoe & Sarah Tacari & Savannah Dionysius & Harry Johnell & Carson Danielle & Daniel W. Camden & Tessa Jordan & Sallie Imani & Henry Anastasia & Daniel F. Bobby & Alex Blaire & Sam Partners for DBQ – 6th Period

4. America Expands Westward Manifest Destiny

5. In your own words, what is “destiny?” • The definition of “manifest” is: • Clear or apparent • In the mid-1800s, Americans believed they had a clear destiny to expand across the continent, from sea to shining sea “Eastward I go only by force, but westward I go free.”- Henry David Thoreau

6. Write this on a piece of paper that will become your “Manifest Destiny DBQ”! Other Reasons for Westward Expansion: • Escape religious persecution • Find new markets for trade • Claim land for farming, ranching, and mining • Locate Pacific harbors • Spread democracy!

7. Writing a DBQ • A DBQ is a Document-Based Question • You must read and analyze primary/secondary source documents to help answer a historical question • After reading the documents, you develop an argument (thesis) to answer the question • The point is to show that you can read and analyze documents and DEFEND YOUR ARGUMENT! • These are designed to be about 5 paragraphs…. We will start with just planning, then 3, then 5! • While you write use the PURPLE WRITING SHEET FROM Ms. Hall!

8. Manifest Destiny DBQ Planning • The Question • The Thesis • A thesis is the main ARGUMENT of the paper • How can you make a historical argument? • Introduction • This includes background information about your topic • (In this case, you need to address how/why Manifest Destiny developed in America in the 1800s) • 3 Points • This essay lays them out for you • For each point, you need to include solid information FROM THE DOCUMENTS and from your PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE to support your argument • In your planning, write bullet points for now but include PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS (see the board) • The Conclusion (This will come later…)

10. How are these ideas of “Manifest Destiny” reflected in the following pieces of artwork? “American Progress” by John Gast

11. “Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way” by Emanuel Leutze

13. Sectional Differences Emerge Missouri Territory applies for statehood Why is this a problem? There are an equal number of slave/free states, Missouri would tip the balance Henry Clay – Missouri Compromise (1820) Missouri = slave Maine = free (split from Massachusetts) 36-30 line: north= free, south = slave

14. Missouri Compromise

16. Texan Independence Primary Source Activity • For Documents A-D answer the following questions (COMPLETE SENTENCES!): • Who wrote it? (Name, Mexican or American, Date) • According to this document, why did Texans decide to declare independence in 1836? • Do you trust the perspective of this document? Why or why not? • Conclusion: Based on all 4 documents, do you think the Texans were justified in declaring independence?

17. Expansion, Conflict, & War in Texas Sam Houston “Remember the Alamo!”

18. Expansion & Conflict in Texas • 1. Why did Mexico want Americans to settle in Texas? • To help defend and develop the province economically • 2. Why did Americans want to settle in Texas? • Abundant, cheap, fertile land with a small population

19. 3. What brought American settlers into conflict with the Mexican government? • They did not convert to Roman Catholicism (remained Protestants) & they ignored Mexico’s ban on slavery 4. What happened at the Alamo? • Texas rebelled against Mexican rule • Santa Anna attacks the Alamo to put down the rebellion • 12 days of fighting, Mexico wins, then kills every prisoner; “Remember the Alamo!” * Video

20. 5. Why was the U.S. at first reluctant to annex Texas? • Northern Democrats did not want to add another big, powerful slave state

21. 54 Line • 6. What promises did Polk make to help him win the election (of 1844)? • To make Northern Democrats happy, he promises to get all of Oregon from Great Britain or go to war; *“54-40 or Fight!”* Why did Polk need to satisfy the interests of Northerners specifically?

22. 7. What did Polk do that left many Northern Democrats feeling betrayed? • To avoid war with Great Britain, Polk compromised on Oregon in order to fight Mexico(British kept what became British Columbia)

23. The Mexican-American War1846-1848

25. America AchievesManifest Destiny The Gadsden Purchase, the Wilmot Proviso, and the California Gold Rush EQ: How did America achieve its “Manifest Destiny?”

26. What formally ended the Mexican-American War? • Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo • (Mexican Cession) • US adds 1.2 million square miles • Mexico was humiliated by the treaty, bitter toward US for many years

27. US added more territory with theGadsden Purchase (1853) • Bought from Mexico, consisted of the southern parts of Arizona & New Mexico • Needed to runtranscontinental RR How is this further contributing to Manifest Destiny?

28. What issue continued to divide the nation? • SLAVERY, and its expansion • Whig Congressman David Wilmot proposes the Wilmot Proviso: • Proposed law would ban slavery in all lands won from Mexico • Law DID NOT pass • Lands won from Mexico increased North/South tensions • Proposed in Congress for 15 more years Why do you think the Wilmot Proviso didn’t pass?

29. President James K. Polk = “Expansionist President” • Polk SUPPORTS Manifest Destiny

30. CA Gold Rush Video

31. The California Gold Rush • What was it? • Mass migration to California after the discovery of gold in 1848 • Who was involved? • “49ers” = Gold Rush miners • Where did they come from? • Across the US & other Pacific Rim nations (South America, China)

32. The California Gold Rush - Effects • Conditions of the camps • Crowded, poor sanitation, violence • Population boom of… • San Francisco • Groups facing discrimination • Indians, Chinese, & Mexicans; taxed, terrorized

33. The California Gold Rush - Effects • ____________ applies for statehood… • California • Increases the debate over… • Slavery • 15 free states, 15 slave • Would later lead to the… • Civil War

34. Unit 2 Test Format - HONORS • 35 Multiple Choice Questions • 15 Matching Questions • 1 Short Answer • 5 IDs (choose from 10) • Short Answer Topics: • Inventions/innovations of the early 1800s & how they affected society • The public school movement and how it changed the nation

35. Unit 2 Test Quick Review • Study your graphic organizers and notes! • Key vocabulary to know: • Monroe Doctrine • John C. Calhoun • Erie Canal • Nat Turner • Samuel F.B. Morse • nullification • Horace Mann • Treaty of Fort Laramie • nativists • Manifest Destiny • Nationalism • forty-niners • Lucretia Mott • Henry Clay • John Quincy Adams • Joseph Smith • Trail of Tears • Whigs • Andrew Jackson • Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

36. Unit 2 Test Format • 35 Multiple Choice Questions • 15 Matching Questions • 1 Short Answer, choose from 2 • Short Answer Questions: • Inventions/innovations of the early 1800s & how they affected society • The public school movement and how it changed the nation

37. Unit 2 Test Quick Review • Study your graphic organizers and notes! • Key vocabulary to know: • Monroe Doctrine • John C. Calhoun • Erie Canal • Nat Turner • Samuel F.B. Morse • nullification • Horace Mann • Treaty of Fort Laramie • nativists • Manifest Destiny • Nationalism • forty-niners • Lucretia Mott • Henry Clay • John Quincy Adams • Joseph Smith • Trail of Tears • Whigs • Andrew Jackson • Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

38. A little test review… Which President vetoed the 2nd National Bank? Andrew Jackson What is Sectionalism? Why is it significant? Regionalism, breaking up into regions and supporting regional interests; Created division in the United States (industrial vs. agricultural; free vs. slave states) What is the significance of the Missouri Compromise? Brought in Missouri as a slave state & Maine as a free state; made the number of slave and free states even What were slaves promised as part of the Second Great Awakening? Eternal freedom after death Why did cotton get the nickname “King Cotton”? Most important crop in the U.S.; the South grew it and the North used it in manufacturing (mills)

39. A little more test review… Why did the Second Great Awakening encourage other reform movements? Encouraged other people to act on their morals to reform society What were “expansionists”? People who believed in Manifest Destiny and wanted the U.S. to expand westward Which religious group were Joseph Smith and Brigham Young associated with? Mormons What was the result of the Treaty of Fort Laramie? Indians were forced to stay away from major trails; Many did not obey the Treaty What were some reasons people migrated westward? Religious Persecution, Economic Opportunity/ Recovery, Spread Democracy, etc.

40. EXIT TICKET • What was the result of the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851)? • Where does the phrase “Remember the Alamo” come from? • What territory does “54-40 or Fight” (Polk’s campaign slogan) refer to? • Did James K. Polk support or oppose the notion of Manifest Destiny? • Who is Sam Houston? What area did he want the U.S. to annex?