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SMES Modeling and Simulation Benchmarking Paulo F.Ribeiro Calvin College / BWX Technologies, Inc

SMES Modeling and Simulation Benchmarking Paulo F.Ribeiro Calvin College / BWX Technologies, Inc. Outline SMES Coil Modeling Chopper / SMES Coil Transient Interaction Chopper Modeling + Coil Inverter + Chopper Modeling + Coil Modeling

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SMES Modeling and Simulation Benchmarking Paulo F.Ribeiro Calvin College / BWX Technologies, Inc

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  1. SMES Modeling and SimulationBenchmarkingPaulo F.RibeiroCalvin College / BWX Technologies, Inc

  2. Outline • SMES Coil Modeling • Chopper / SMES Coil Transient Interaction • Chopper Modeling + Coil • Inverter + Chopper Modeling + Coil Modeling • Integrated Energy Storage/Power Electronics/ Supply System • Integrated System: Performance / Site Sensitivity • Integrated System: CAPS Facility - STATCOM Impact • Observations • Conclusions

  3. Overall System Perspective

  4. Coil Modeling - Parameters Computation

  5. Coil Modeling - Assumptions • The dielectric constant of the insulating material does not vary with frequency • The thermal enclosure and the tank does not carry current, and they were represented as ground plane • A small value of resistor represents skin effect and eddy current losses. • Parallel plate model is employed to calculate ground and series capacitances of each turn. • To reduce the computing cost, each double pancake (two single pancakes) is represented by its series inductance, capacitance, mutual inductance and ground capacitances.

  6. Coil Modeling - Matrix Organization Cad = Capacitance between adjacent turns within a disk coil Cax = Capacitance between axially separated turns Cg = Capacitance between a turn and ground N = number of turns in a single pancake Nsp = Number of single pancakes in a coil

  7. Coil Modeling

  8. Coil Simulation Frequency Response Initial Voltage Distribution

  9. Chopper Modeling + Coil Transient Analysis and Protection

  10. Chopper Modeling + Coil Transient Analysis and Protection Transients under Normal Operation Condition

  11. Inverter + Chopper Modeling + Coil Modeling Basic Controls Have been developed Controls is a major task in order to guarantee optimum performance (for the several demonstration functions) and avoid negative power quality impact on the supply system

  12. Utility / Shipboard Supply System Considerations

  13. Integrated Energy Storage/Power Electronics/ Supply System

  14. Integrated System: Performance / Site Sensitivity SMES Close to Load Center SMES Close to Generation

  15. Observations • The performance of an integrated STATCOM + SMES, and its dynamic response to system oscillations can be well observed and accurately determined by proper modeling and simulation using adequate EMTP Type programs. • It has been observed that energy storage can enhance the performance of a STACOM and possibly reduce the MVA ratings requirements of the STACOM operating alone. This is an important finding for cost/ benefit analysis of FACTS / Power Quality devices. Also the combination of other FACTS / Power Electronics Devices should be investigated in order to increase performance and reduce cost. • It has been also verified that a Voltage Source Inverter / STATCOM provides a real power flow path for SMES and that the SMES Coil chopper-controller can be controlled independently of the STATCOM controller. • It was also observed that the location where the combined compensator is connected is important for improvement of the overall system dynamic performance. Although the use of a reactive power controller seems more effective in a load area, this simulation study shows that a STATCOM with real power capability can damp the power system oscillations more effectively, and therefore stabilize the system faster if the STATCOM -SMES controller is located near a generation area rather than a load area.

  16. Conclusions • The development and implementation models for the simulation of high power electronics devices and associated energy storage systems such as a Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) system (SMES Coil and DC-DC Chopper) have been performed. Additional studies and verifications are required for better validation of benchmarking models • The models/simulations are intended to provide a basis for verifying performance and developing functional specifications for the power electronics devices and associated interfaces subsystems. • Power electronics devices topologies, technologies, protection and control strategies will be discussed and evaluated for its optimum performance on a specific location. • EMTP and Dynamic Stability programs are required for the proper modeling and simulation of a SMES system for utility application.

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