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Martin Luther Starts the Reformation

Martin Luther Starts the Reformation. Today we will…. Outline the life of Martin Luther. Analyze the reasons why Martin Luther decided to break away from the Church. List the reasons why Northern German princes supported Luther. Describe Luther’s New Church.

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Martin Luther Starts the Reformation

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  1. Martin Luther Starts the Reformation

  2. Today we will… • Outline the life of Martin Luther. • Analyze the reasons why Martin Luther decided to break away from the Church. • List the reasons why Northern German princes supported Luther. • Describe Luther’s New Church. • Evaluate the impact of Luther’s break from the Church on the common people.

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  4. Luther’s Background • Born into a poor German family in 1483 • Received an excellent education and studied and entered a Catholic monastic order. • At 25, he was appointed professor of Christian theology at the University of Wittenberg.

  5. Luther Attacks the Church • Luther condemned the sale of indulgences and denounced papal agents selling them in Germany. • The funds obtained were to be used for the rebuilding of St. Peter’s in Rome. • In 1517, Luther nailed the 95 Theses to the church door at Wittenberg (A statement of religious beliefs). • The Theses aroused tremendous popular support. • In it, he denied the Pope’s supremacy and proclaimed the Bible the final authority on religious matters. • He translates the Bible into German and urged each individual to read and understand the Bible

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  7. Luther Attacks the Church Cont. • Developed the doctrine of Justification by Faith, that faith ensures salvation. • He is excommunicated by the Pope and declared an outlaw by Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor.

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  9. North German Princes Support Luther • Powerful northern German rulers welcomed the revolt against Rome. • In addition to religious reasons, they desired to seize church properties. • Consequently, they protected Luther against punishment. • Throughout northern Germany, these rulers accepted Luther’s ideas as the basis of a new religion, Lutheranism

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  11. Luther’s New Church • Replaced Latin with the Vernacular (German). • Encouraged congregations to sing Hymns. • Wrote Hymns. • Approved marriage by the clergy. • Rejected the clerical hierarchy. • Recognized that the church is subordinate to and an agent of civil authority. Yes….Brad

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  13. Social Impact of Luther’s Beliefs • By 1521, Luther’s ideas had a vast following among all social classes. • Popular because of the widespread resentment of clerical privilege and wealth. • His ideas attracted many preachers. • Peasants liked his ideas and used them hoping for civil reform.

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  15. Social Impact of Luther’s Beliefs Cont. • Luther DID NOT SUPPORT the peasant revolts. • Luther’s greatest weapon was his mastery of the common language. • A civil war breaks out in the German areas and is ended with the Peace of Augsburg (The ruler could pick between Catholicism or Lutheranism).

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