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Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation

Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation. Mr. Booth’s World History 1300 – 1500 CE. Q of D: Analyzing 3 Causes of the Protestant Reformation Directions: Write the following questions and answer them. You may use p. 488 for help. (3-4 minutes) __________________________________________.

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Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation

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  1. Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation Mr. Booth’s World History 1300 – 1500 CE

  2. Q of D: Analyzing 3 Causes of the Protestant ReformationDirections: Write the following questions and answer them. You may use p. 488 for help. (3-4 minutes)__________________________________________ • By 1500, many forces weakened the Catholic Church. • How did the Renaissance weaken the church? • How did German rulers want to challenge the political power of the church? • What practices of the Catholic Church in the 1500’s might have upset churchgoers?

  3. ANSWERS • Secular during Ren. (Here and the Now instead of religion) • Germans resented distant control; new ideas were weakening the Church • Popes pursued worldly affairs; some priests drank and gambled

  4. 2 OBJECTIVES TODAY • Catholic Church Hierarchy • People were • I.M.A.D! ______________________________________________ 2. Martin Luther’s Protestant Reformation. • Luther’s Ideas were • F.U.N.

  5. Protestant Reformation: The Beginning - Protestant = someone who protested the Catholic Church - Reformation = When people demand changes - The Protestant Reformation began because the Catholic Church made Protestants say I.M.A.D!

  6. I =Indulgences • A monk/friar named Johann Tetzel was raising money • Why? • To rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome. • To raise money he sold Indulgences: Certificates of Pardon to absolve sin • Who would this anger?

  7. M = Merchants -Merchants want usury Usury = lending money & charging interest -Church says usury is wrong… Hypocrisy? Q: Who would this anger?

  8. A = Absolute Power and Wealth of Church • Why was the Catholic Church so powerful in Europe? • For many the church represented the chance to go to heaven and one day go to heaven. • Pope had power over the king because of the threat of excommunication.

  9. D = Domination of the Church by Italians (Germans/English are mad) • People of Germany and England resented paying taxes to Rome because they did nothing for them. • “Rome was way down there, and we’re way up here.” • What can you conclude about I.M.A.D.?

  10. Martin Luther

  11. Martin Luther: His 3 Ideas were F.U.N. F U N 1. Faith only saves people - not good works -Catholic church = salvation by following church -Q: Who will not like this idea of Luther’s? Why? 2. Ultimate authority for Christians = Bible -Q: Who will this anger? Who did Catholics think was the authority? -Catholic Church says Pope is Ultimate Authority 3. Nobody is more important in God’s eyes -All people with faith are equal. Therefore, people did not need priest to interpret the Bible for them.

  12. How did Luther’s Ideas Spread? • Luther’s ideas spread quickly with the help of the printing press (Guternberg) AND • Millions of people sided with Luther against the Roman Catholic Church.

  13. The Peasants’ Revolt/Edict of Worms • In 1524, German peasants were excited about Luther’s 95 theses. Then, something happened! • Peasant Revolt Across Germany: • Raided monasteries, pillaging, and burning. • The prince’s armies crushed the revolt • 100,000 people may have been killed • Edict of Worms: Luther outlawed as a heretic and excommunicated. “No one should shelter and feed Luther • Prince Frederick the Wise of Saxony does • Heretic: Different views then the church • Legacy of Edict of Worms: No one listens and the denomination of Lutheranism begins.

  14. Protestantism • Eastern Orthodox (East-West Schism) • Roman Catholic • Protestant- (Reformation/16th century) • Lutheran • Anglican • Episcopalian • Baptist • Methodist • Pentecostal • Calvin • Presbyterian

  15. Henry VIII • King of England in 1509 (devout Catholic) • Wife - Catherine of Aragon Daughter - Mary • but no woman ever successfully claimed the English throne. • He wants a son! • so he asked the Pope to annul or cancel his marriage, Pope says no

  16. Henry VIII’s Six Wives

  17. King Henry VIIIDad of the Anglican Chruch D- Divorce. Henry wants one, pope says no A – Anglican Church, Henry in charge, no Pope D- Did away with Catholic Church’s land and wealth of church

  18. John Calvin • From France • Broke from Catholic Church and started his own • Published Institutes of the Christian Religion

  19. Calvin’s Ideas P- Predestination- You don’t get there by good works, you get there because God chooses you O- Our moral lives reveal if we’re chosen by God W – Work ethic than honors God

  20. Protestantism Today • 400 Million Protestants Worldwide • In the U.S., Religious adherents are: • 21% are Catholic • 23% Protestant • 14% Non-Christian • 28% Independent Christian • 14% Non-denominational

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