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Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)

Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT). Mission Analysis. Purpose. References. Joint Publication 3-0, Doctrine for Joint Operations, 1 Feb 1995 JP 3-07.6, Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Foreign Humanitarian Assistance, 12 Dec 2000

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Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)

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  1. Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT) Mission Analysis Purpose References • Joint Publication 3-0, Doctrine for Joint Operations, 1 Feb 1995 • JP 3-07.6, Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Foreign Humanitarian Assistance, 12 Dec 2000 • JP 3-16, Joint Doctrine for Multinational Operations, 5 April 2000 • JP 5-00.2, Joint Task Force Planning Guidance and Procedures, 13 Jan 1999 • Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Manual 3500.05, JTF Headquarters Master Training Guide, 15 Apr 1997 • US-Thailand HQ and Staff Planning Standing Operating Procedures (SOP), 17 February 1998 Discuss techniques and procedures for conducting an operational level mission analysis for multinational operations -First step of Commander’s Estimate process • -Operational level (includes strategic military and politico-military objectives)

  2. Crisis Action Planning Process C R I S I S III Course of Action Development OPORD & Deployment Data Base IV Course of Action Selection V Execution Planning II Crisis Assessment I Situation Development VI Execution And/or Warning Order Planning Order Alert Order Execute Order I Mission Analysis II Course of Action Development III Analysis of Opposing Courses of Action IV Comparison of Own Courses of Action V Commander’s Decision Commander’s Estimate Process

  3. Mission Analysis Objectives • Common understanding of the problem • Multinational force (MNF) or CTF restated mission • Most probable & most challenging or dangerous potential change in the situation / Enemy COA (ECOA) • Commander’s intent and guidance

  4. Mission AnalysisJoint Planning Group Personnel Air/Sea Lift Joint Intelligence Center Time Phased Force Deployment Data Information Operations Comms Core planning group Legal Fires Special Operations Forces Engineer Logistics Psychological Operations Civil Affairs Component Liaison Officers Public Affairs

  5. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Mission Analysis

  6. Determine the Facts Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions Develop Assumptions Analyze Mission & Intent Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Initial Risk Assessment Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Mission Analysis Brief Determine Known Facts, Current Status, or Conditions • Tasking from the national strategic command of the lead nation (HHQ) will normally include the following: • Situation update • Forces available for planning • Time constraints • Command relationships • Can come in the form of a WARNING ORDER, ALERT ORDER, or PLANNING ORDER Mission Analysis

  7. Determine Facts CTF Staff • Using all sources, identify significant and militarily relevant aspects of the environment and the situation • Staff sections determine: • Current status or condition • Other known facts • Monitor joint planning group (CPG) outputs Example: Known Facts, Status, Conditions • Status as of 12 Nov 00 • Dead 326 • Injured 464 • Missing 206 • Affected 3M • Homeless 460K • Mt Canlaon Volcanic Activity • Last event 3 Nov • 3 plumes 15 km high; ash blowing west 300 km • 97,000 people evacuated from Canloan & La Carlota • Safe haven camp vicinity San Carlos f/ 100,000 • Super Typhoon Julie • Hit southern Philippines 10 Nov (Visayas, N. Mindanao) • Negros - San Carlos camp (100K) loss of shelter • 454,499 homeless • 38 evacuation centers

  8. Determine Facts CPG C4-Logistics • HHQ mission, intent, concepts • Forces available, readiness status • Review lift priority and allocation • Other organizations available • Host nation’s / coalition governments’ political situation • Host nation ability to respond • Time analysis • Logistical readiness of the force • Availability of support and infrastructure in operations area • Deployment estimates • Host nation support (HNS)

  9. Aerial Ports of Debarkation (APODs) APOD Runway Maximum Fuel On-Site Capability on ground Storage Maintenance Palawan C-141 a/c 2 a/c 30,000 gal. No Cebu C-5 a/c 6 a/c 200,000 gal. Yes City X City Y City Z

  10. Determine Facts C5-Plans and PolicyPolitical considerations: • Over flight / basing rights • Transient personnel staging • Logistics support (facilities and HNS) • Agreements in force (status of forces, treaties, etc.) C6-Communications • Available communications resources • Communications readiness of available forces • Communications requirements

  11. Assumption Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions A supposition on the current situation, or a presupposition on the future course of events, either or both assumed to be true in the absence of positive proof, necessary to enable the commander, in the process of planning, to complete an estimate of the situation and make a decision on the course of action. Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Initial Risk Assessment Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  12. Develop Assumptions • Replace missing or unknown facts in planning • May cover • Belligerent Situation • Friendly Situation • Success of supporting operations • Environment • Must be logical, realistic, and essential for planning to continue • Never assume away belligerent capabilities Example: Planning Assumptions • Host country will allow temporary basing of Troop Contributing Nations (TCNs) • APODs and sea ports of debarkation (SPODs) are operational • TCNs are self-sustaining for first 72 hours • Weather will remain favorable for duration of mission • No other contingencies for USPACOM for duration of mission • Host nation will be the CTF lead nation

  13. Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Analyze HHQ Mission and Intent Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions • Political end state • HHQ mission, intent, and strategic military end state • Define and analyze the operations area • Identify tasks from outside the military • National public statements • National political influence: are there any limitations? • International organizations (IO), non-governmental organizations (NGO), & regional organizations involved • Contracts with private businesses Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  14. Determine Limitations Determine the Facts Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions Develop Assumptions • Limitations placed on the CTF • Constraints: Things the CTF must do • Restraints: Things the CTF cannot do • Imposed by higher headquarters • Implied by conditions, circumstances Analyze Mission & Intent Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief Mission Analysis Brief

  15. Determine Centers of Gravity Determine theFacts Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions Develop Assumptions • Definition: Those characteristics, capabilities, or localities from which a military force derives its freedom of action, physical strength or will to fight. • Analyze both threat and friendly centers of gravity • Used as a tool to help determine strengths and weaknesses • Some examples of friendly centers of gravity for HA / DR include: • Airlift, speed of response, coalition cohesion Analyze Mission & Intent Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Limitations Determine Centers Of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Analysis Conduct Initial Risk Assessment Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief Mission Analysis Brief

  16. Identify Tasks Determine the Facts Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions Develop Assumptions • Specified -- Stated in the HHQ directive • Implied -- Not stated, but necessary to do the mission • Essential-- Of the above, those which must be done to achieve success Analyze Mission & Intent Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Determine Centers of Gravity Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Analysis Conduct Initial Risk Assessment Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief Mission Analysis Brief

  17. Mission Analysis Worksheet Tasks (1) Conduct needs assessment (2) Deploy forces (3) Provide HA/DR support to host nation Specified (1) Coordinate with NGOs & IOs (2) Provide force protection Implied (1) Deploy forces (2) Provide HA/DR support to host nation (3) Provide force protection Essential

  18. Specified & Implied Tasks • TASK Army Navy AF USMC SOF x • 1. Initial Assessment x • 2. Coordinate w/ NGOs x • 3. Port security x • 4. Provide security for camps x • 5. Provide temporary shelter x x • 6. Provide ground transport x • 7. Distribute food & water x x • 8. Provide air traffic control All specified and implied tasks should be assigned to a CTF component

  19. Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Conduct Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Initial Force Structure Analysis Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions • Capabilities required to accomplish tasks? • What non-traditional / non-military tasks can be performed by military forces? • What coalition forces do we already have? • What are the shortfalls? Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  20. Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Conduct Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Initial Risk Assessment Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions • What are the risks associated with the mission assigned by HHQ (looting, mission creep)? • Do limitations, assigned tasks or assumptions create risk? • What degree of risk is HHQ willing to accept? • What can we do to minimize risk? Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  21. Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Conduct Initial Risk Assessment Determining the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Determine End State Operational End State • Review HHQ guidance • Consider conditions for transition of the mission to nonmilitary organizations • Consider conditions necessary to support the population once military operations terminate • Specifically describe and record end state conditions • Example HA / DR end state conditions: food distribution reestablished, refugee camps established, basic infrastructure restored Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions Achieving the desired end state seldom, if ever, ends international efforts to protect interests in a situation. The term end state simply represents the set of conditions necessary to resolve a crisis and transition from predominant use of the military instrument of national power to other instruments. Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  22. Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Conduct Initial Risk Assessment Example CTF Mission Statement Determining the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Restated Mission Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions • Who: CTF BAYANIHAN • What: Essential tasks • When: When directed by HHQ • Where: Combined operations area • Why: Operational end state Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis When directed, CTF BAYANIHANconducts humanitarian assistance operations in support of the Armed Forces of the Philippines in the affected areas of the central Philippines in order to alleviate human suffering and restore critical infrastructure. Initial Risk Assessment Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Mission Analysis

  23. Mission Analysis Brief Determine the Facts Develop Assumptions Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Conduct Initial Risk Assessment Determining the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Determine the Facts Chief of Staff or C3 / C5 Develop Assumptions • Purpose and agenda • Area of operations (Combined Operations Area) C2 • Initial intelligence estimate • Most probable future situation • Most challenging / dangerous future situation • Center of Gravity Analysis Analyze Mission & Intent Determine Limitations Determine Centers of Gravity Identify Tasks to be Performed Initial Force Structure Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Analysis Initial Risk Assessment Determine the End State Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  24. COS / C3 / C5 HHQ mission, intent & concept of operations Forces currently available (from all troop contributing nations) Assumptions Limitations - must do & cannot do Centers of gravity / decisive points - belligerent and friendly Mission Analysis Brief • Tasks to be performed: • Specified • Implied • Essential • Initial CTF force structure analysis • Risk assessment • End state • Proposed mission statement • Time analysis - including projected planning milestones

  25. Mission Analysis Brief C1 C4 Others • Facts, assumptions, conclusions • Personnel actions • Personnel services • Other personnel related support • Facts, assumptions, conclusions • Supply • Services • Health services • Transportation • Other • Others as appropriate to the mission

  26. Crisis Action Planning Process C R I S I S III Course of Action Development OPORD & Deployment Data Base IV Course of Action Selection V Execution Planning II Crisis Assessment I Situation Development VI Execution And/or Warning Order Planning Order Alert Order Execute Order I Mission Analysis II Course of Action Development III Analysis of Opposing Courses of Action IV Comparison of Own Courses of Action V Commander’s Decision Commander’s Estimate Process

  27. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Mission Analysis

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