Week 3

1. Week 3 • Apollo & Artemis • Demeter, Persephone & Hades • Dionysus & Hermes

2. The Twins • Children ofZEUS and LETO • Born on the island of DELOS • Both experts at archery • Together killed the 7 sons and daughters of NIOBE

3. Tried to seduce Artemis The goddess produced a scorpion that killed him Saw Artemis in her bath Was transformed into a stag His dogs tore him to pieces Who?

4. Who co-stars the following episodes of the story of Callisto? • Rape • Rejection • Giving birth • Becoming a bear • Near death as bear • Being promoted to a constellation

5. CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTEMIS • Vehement virgin with characteristics of a fertility goddess • Moon-goddess linked with the lunar cycle and menstrual period • Goddess of nature itself personifying its pristine purity

6. SANCTUARY OF APOLLO AT DELPHI • Apollo chose a place under Mt. PARNASSUS for his oracle and temple. • He slew a dragon named PYTHO • Apollo given the epithet PYTHIAN, his prophetess, PYTHIA

7. APOLLO'S LOVES

8. Picked up the flute invented by Athena. Challenged Apollo to a contest Apollo won and he decided to flay him alive Dared to engage in a contest with Apollo TMOLUS the god of the mountain was the judge He declared Apollo the victor APOLLO’S MUSICAL CONTESTS

9. THE NATURE OF APOLLO • God of shepherds, associated with music • God of medicine • God of the sun PHOEBUS Apollo "bright."     • Symbol of classical restraint: "Know thyself"

10. Demeter and the abduction of Persephone by Hades • Persephone: daughter of Demeter and Zeus kidnapped by Hades • Demeter’s grief • Demeter in Eleusis, nurse of Demophoon, is interrupted when trying to make him immortal • Demeter’s anger • Zeus’ request that P. must return to her mother • Final compromise

11. The Eleusinian Procession • Ritual cleansing • Torches • Fasting and vigil • Hymns and obscene jests

12. The Sacred Rites • KYKEON the sacred drink • Dramatic performance • The revelation of the hiera, "sacred objects"

13. HADES • Roman names: DIS, PLUTO (both names mean wealth) ORCUS by the Romans • God of death and agricultural plenty

14. Three Judges • MINOS RHADAMANTHUS, and AEACUS • Pass sentence on the just and unjust souls.

15. Hermes Psychopompus • Hermes Psychopompus. Hermes as "leader of the soul" takes our souls, after death, to Charon

16. THE BIRTH of Dionysus • Zeus loved SEMELE, daughter of CADMUS • Hera convinced Semele to trick Zeus into revealing himself • Semele was burned, but their unborn child was saved by Zeus • Dionysus was born from Zeus’ thigh and brought up by nymphs and Semele's sister Ino on a mountain named Nysa

17. THE BACCHAE OF EURIPIDES • Dionysus comes to Thebes where his religion is repudiated • The women of Thebes become possessed by frenzy • Deceived by Dionysus, King Pentheus participates in the rites disguised as a woman • He is discovered and torn to pieces by the Bacchae led by his mother AGAVE

18. THE NATURE OF DIONYSUS • God of vegetation • God of wine • Represents the irrational in human beings • Dionysiac ecstasy, MANIA, combines the bestial and the sublime

19. DIONYSIAC LEXICON

20. DIONYSUS-ZAGREUS • Son of Zeus and Persephone • At Hera’s request the Titans dismembered and devoured the child • His heart was saved • Dionysus was born again through Semele • People were created from the ashes of the Titans

21. THE HOMERIC HYMN TO HERMES • Son of Zeusand MAIA • Invented the lyre • Stole Apollo’s cattle • Made the first sacrifice to the 12 Olympians • Reconciled with Apollo

22. THE NATURE OF HERMES • God of shepherds • Patron of thieves and business people • Master of persuasion • Psychopompus • Messenger of the gods • Archetypal trickster