1 / 24

Gross Anatomy of Urinary system

Gross Anatomy of Urinary system. Medical ppt. http://hastaneciyiz.blogspot.com. Urinary system. Functions of Urinary System. Kidneys carry out four functions Filter nitrogenous wastes, toxins, ions, etc. from blood to be excreted as urine.

neena
Download Presentation

Gross Anatomy of Urinary system

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Gross Anatomy of Urinary system Medical ppt http://hastaneciyiz.blogspot.com

  2. Urinary system

  3. Functions of Urinary System • Kidneys carry out four functions • Filter nitrogenous wastes, toxins, ions, etc. from blood to be excreted as urine. • Regulate volume and chemical composition of blood (water, salts, acids, bases). • Produce regulatory enzymes. • Renin – regulates BP/ kidney function • Erythropoietin – stimulates RBC production from marrow. • Metabolism of Vitamin D to active form.

  4. Urinary System • Two Kidneys • Perform all functions except actual excretion. • Two Ureters • Convey urine from Kidneys to Urinary Bladder • Urinary Bladder • Holds Urine until excretion • Urethra • Conveys urine from bladder to outside of body

  5. Renal Connective Tissue • Renal fascia- anchors the kidneys to nearby structures. It is dense connective tissue • Adipose capsule/Pararenal Fat Mass of fat tissue that surrounds renal capsule Functions • Keeps kidney in place • Provide cushion effects • Renal capsule- Layer of dense connective tissue that surrounds kidney and supports the soft internal tissues.

  6. Position of the Kidneys • Kidneys are located on either side of the vertebral column: • left kidney lies superior to right kidney • superior surface capped by adrenal gland

  7. Location and Position of the Kidneys • The kidney is positioned between the 12th thoracic and 3rd lumbar vertebrae. • It is retroperitoneal (lies on the posterior abdominal wall, posterior to the peritoneum). • Right kidney is lower than left kidney due to the shape of the liver. • Lateral surface of kidney is convex while medial is concave.

  8. External Anatomy of Kidney • Average size – 12cm x 6cm x 3 cm • Weights 150 grams or 5 oz • Surrounded by three membranes (deep to superficial) • Renal capsule – fibrous barrier for kidneys. • Adipose capsule – fatty tissue designed for protection / stability. • Renal fascia – dense fibrous connective tissue that anchors kidneys/ adrenals to surroundings.

  9. External Anatomy of the Kidney • Lateral surface- convex • Medial surface is concave • Renal Hilum • Indentation where blood vessels, nerves and ureters enter and exit the kidneys. • Renal Sinus • Internal cavity within kidney.

  10. Internal Anatomy of the Kidney • Cortex - Superficial region of kidney. • It is light and granular • Medulla - Deep central region of the kidney. • Deep layer • It is darker • Renal pyramids- Cone shaped structure within the renal medulla. • Base lies against cortex • Apex is the papilla • Renal column- Extensions of cortex that separate renal pyramids within the medulla.

  11. Kidney Internal Anatomy • Renal Pelvis • Flat funnel-shaped expansion of ureter • Major Calices • Large cup-shaped branches of renal pelvis • Minor Calices • Cup-shaped divisions of major calices • Surround papilla of pyramid

  12. Renal Lobe • Consists of: • One renal pyramid • overlying area of renal cortex • adjacent tissues of renal columns

  13. Blood Flow – Arteries • Renal arteries • Segmental arteries • Lobar arteries • Interlobar arteries • Arcuate arteries • Interlobular arteries • Afferent arterioles

  14. Blood Flow – Veins • From nephron • Interlobular veins • Arcuate veins • Interlobar veins • Renal vein

  15. Ureters • Continuation of renal pelvis • Slender tubes that transport urine from kidneys to bladder • Retroperitoneal/Runs behind the peritoneum

  16. Urinary Bladder and Urethra

  17. Urinary Bladder • Prostate gland: Found in In males • - Lies directly inferior to the bladder • - Surrounds the urethra • A collapsible muscular sac • Stores and expels urine - Full bladder – spherical • Expands into the abdominal cavity - Empty bladder – lies entirely within the pelvis

  18. Urinary Bladder • Muscular sac that stores and expels urine • Location • Pelvic floor • Posterior to public symphysis • Anterior to • Rectum in males • Vagina & uterus in females

  19. Urinary Bladder and Urethra in Male and Female • Trigone of the urinary bladder has three openings; • - Two openings from the ureters • One opening to the urethra

  20. Structure of the Urinary Bladder • Male: • Penis • Dual function • Female: • External urethral orifice

  21. Structure of the Urethra

  22. Urethra • In females • Length of 3–4 cm • In males – 20 cm in length – three named regions • Prostatic urethra • Passes through the prostate gland • Membranous urethra • Through the urogenital diaphragm • Spongy (penile) urethra • Passes through the length of the penis

  23. Urethral Sphincter • Internal urethral sphincter • Involuntary smooth muscle • External urethral sphincter • Voluntarily inhibits urination • Relaxes when one urinates

  24. Medical ppt http://hastaneciyiz.blogspot.com

More Related