An Era of Nationalism

1. An Era of Nationalism

2. The Era of Good Feelings • Describes the 2nd term of James Monroe • unchallenged in the election • The era was marked by Nationalism: American’s loyalty to the United States overrode their historical identity with state or region the opposite of nationalism is… • Sectionalism: people are more loyal to their state or region (North vs. South)

3. Dem-Reps start to defend industry and a strong government Henry Clay’s American System (promoted nationalism) Chartered the Second Bank of US Programs to protect manufacturers from foreign competition (tariffs) Build canals and roads to improve transportation and tie states together (internal improvements) Nationalism in Economics Henry Clay

4. Nationalism in the Courts • John Marshall (Federalist/ Midnight Judge) • Expanded the federal governments power while Chief Justice • McCulloch v. Maryland: federal laws are superior to state laws, implied powers • Gibbons v. Ogden: Congress regulates interstate trade

5. Booms and Bust • When supply and demand don’t align themselves • When there is a bust or bad time in the economy they are called panics (also called recessions) • Panic of 1819: first financial crisis for new nation (time of bust) • Unemployment • Deflation • Foreclosures

6. Nationalism in Foreign Affairs • US gets Florida from Spain under Adams-Onis Treaty • America and Britain decide to share Oregon • America is expanding • Decent Navy • Gaining respect from other nations

7. Monroe issued a statement that Europe should not interfere in the Western Hemisphere “the American continents…are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers” The Monroe Doctrine

8. Monroe Doctrine cont’d • Was Monroe Bluffing? • Doctrine was a bold act because America may not have been able to back it up if challenged • Marked the beginning of a long term policy of Americans preventing other great powers from interfering in Latin America • Significance: Upheld Washington’s policy of America avoiding entanglements with European power struggles…neutrality

9. Missouri Compromise • Missouri wants to be a state but allow for slavery (slave state) • Senate had an equal balance of free and slave states, if Missouri entered it would tip the balance in favor of the slave states (more political power) • Henry Clay (best problem solver) crafted the Missouri Compromise: • Maine would enter as free state • Missouri as slave state • No slavery north of 36°30’ line in the future • A quick fix to a big problem: pair free and slave states together

11. Let’s Review! • In Gibbons v. Ogden, what area of government control was in question? • Foreign trade • Interstate trade • Intrastate trade • Tariff policy • What three components made up the American System, encouraging western settlement? • Roads, canals, tariffs on imports • Steamboats, railroads, gaming • Mining, canals, iron • Steelworks, mining, tariffs • Why is the presidency of Monroe known as the ‘Era of Good Feelings’?

12. Let’s Review! • What do American treaties with Britain and Spain in the early 1800s have in common? • They ended wars. • The US gained land. • The US lost land. • They humiliated the US. • What foreign policy told Europe to stay out of the Western Hemisphere, continuing a policy of neutrality? • Monroe Doctrine • Missouri Compromise • Adams Onis Treaty • Good Neighbor Policy • What solved the issue of an imbalanced Senate when a state wanted to enter the Union as a slave state? • Missouri Compromise • 3/5th Compromise • Monroe Doctrine • Compromise of 1850