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Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology. The journey begins!. Before We Begin… Some H elpful H ints. Success in A&P is NOT guaranteed. It takes HARD work, and good study skills Study Skills: Come to class having already read the material. READ EVERY NIGHT

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Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

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  1. Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology The journey begins!

  2. Before We Begin…Some Helpful Hints • Success in A&P is NOT guaranteed. • It takes HARD work, and good study skills • Study Skills: • Come to class having already read the material. READ EVERY NIGHT • Study a little at a time. Trust me, cramming does NOT work for A&P • Go home and review the materials WITHIN 24 HOURS • Help yourself by writing flash cards, drawing diagrams, recopying notes or even making up songs (I’m ATP, yeah you know me!)

  3. You should be getting Foreign Language credit for this class! • We will be using prefixes and suffixes over and over • Learn the latin/greek roots well and life will be MUCH easier • Ex: gluconeogenesis = gluco + neo + genesis • Gluco: sugar like glucose • Neo: new • Genesis: to make, produce, or generate • GLUCONEOGENESIS literally means “The production of new glucose molecules from non-sugar substances” See how easy that was??

  4. What is Anatomy and Physiology? • Anatomy: The study of the structure and shape of the human body and body parts, and their relationships to one another. • In Greek: “ana” means apart, “tomy” means to cut. • Gross -vs- Microscopic anatomy

  5. Anatomy at Different Levels

  6. What is Anatomy and Physiology? • Physiology: The study of how the body and its parts work or function. • “physio” means nature, “ology” means the study of.

  7. Organization of the Body • Atoms – Molecules – Cells – Tissues – Organs – Organ Systems – Organism • Organ Systems: • Integumentary • Skeletal • Muscular • Nervous • Endocrine • Cardiovascular • Lymphatic • Respiratory • Digestive • Urinary • Reproductive

  8. Necessary Life Functions • Maintaining boundaries • Movement • Respond to environmental changes • Take in and digest nutrients • Carry out metabolism • Excrete wastes • Reproduce • Grow

  9. Survival Needs • Nutrients • Oxygen • Water • Correct temperature and atmospheric pressure

  10. Homeostasis • The body’s ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment • 3 components: • Receptor • Control Center • Effector • Negative Feedback vs Positive Feedback

  11. Anatomical Position KNOW THESE ORIENATION AND DIRECTIONAL TERMS (p. 12) Superior Inferior Anterior (ventral) Posterior (dorsal) Medial Lateral Intermediate Proximal Distal Superficial Deep

  12. Regional Terms/ Body Planes and Sections • Know the Anterior and Posterior Body Landmarks on page 13 • Plane: imaginary line used to section parts of the body or organs • Sections: • Midsagittal (median) • Frontal (coronal) • Transverse (cross or horizontal)

  13. Body Cavities • Dorsal Body Cavity • Cranial cavity • Spinal cavity • Ventral Body Cavity • Thoracic cavity • Abdominopelvic cavity • Umbilical region • Epigastric region • Hypogastric (pubic) region • Right/left iliac (inguinal) regions • Right/left lumbar regions • Right/left hypochondriac region

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