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World Regional Geography February 8, 2010

World Regional Geography February 8, 2010. Reading : Marston Chapter 3 pages 108-142 Goode’s World Atlas pages 180-188. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Kamchatka Peninsula. Russian Political Subdivisions. Oblasts (46) Republics (21) Autonomous Oblasts (1). Autonomous Okrugs (4) Krais (9)

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World Regional Geography February 8, 2010

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  1. World Regional Geography February 8, 2010 Reading: Marston Chapter 3 pages 108-142 Goode’s World Atlas pages 180-188 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Kamchatka Peninsula

  2. Russian Political Subdivisions • Oblasts (46) • Republics (21) • Autonomous Oblasts (1) • Autonomous Okrugs (4) • Krais (9) • Federal Cities (2)

  3. Population Density • West / Southwest • Moscow / St. Petersburg

  4. Population Characteristics

  5. Natural Population Change

  6. Net Migration

  7. Life Expectancy

  8. Population Pyramid • Male/Female differences • World War II • Post U.S.S.R. trends

  9. Regional Population Change

  10. Out-migration Late 19th century Bolshevik Revolution Internal migration Soviet era – people encouraged to spread out across the empire for economic and cultural reasons. Return migration 25 million Russians in the former Soviet republics (1989). Brain-drain Many of Russia’s most educated are leaving. Russian Migration

  11. % Russian Ethnicity

  12. Culture & Ethnicity

  13. Culture & Ethnicity • 92 distinct ethnic groups. • Western Russia: primarily Slavic peoples. • Central/Eastern Russia: Turkic, Slavic

  14. Russian Expansion • Contiguous territorial expansion. • Land/subjects for economic purposes. • Warm-water port. • Protection.

  15. Socialist (Bolshevik) revolution. Tsarist agricultural / industrial policy. Lenin’s vision. Egalitarian philosophy. Equal rights for all nations. Soviet Socialist Republics. Federal system. Stalin’s Russia. United Soviet identity. Suppression of national identities. Expansion (WWII) The Soviet Empire / U.S.S.R.

  16. Satellites States / The Iron Curtain

  17. State socialism Housing Social planning Collectivization State ownership of economic apparatus. Command economy & central planning. Industrialization & Growth Territorial production complexes. What was the impetus for growth? “Secret cities” and grand schemes. Soviet success. The Soviet Empire / U.S.S.R.

  18. Cold War / End of the Empire • 1950 - 1989 • Cold War dominates international politics • U.S.S.R. represents alternative to capitalism • End of the Empire • Economic stagnation • Failure to deliver consumer goods • Spread of information • Regional inequalities

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