Chapter 1 Parts of a Sentence

1. Introducing… Renee Haerleand Katie Proal Chapter 1Parts of a Sentence

2. The Sentence • A sentence has a subject, predicate, and complete thought. • A sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a period, a question mark, or an exclamation point. • Examples: • She won an award for her book. • Why did you stop running? • Wait!

3. Sentence or sentence fragment? • A sentence fragment is a group of words that looks like a sentence but does not contain both a subject and a verb or does not express a complete thought. • Sentence Fragments: • Sailing around the world.[ the word group lacks a subject.] • The hike through the Grand Canyon.[ The word group lacks a verb.] • Sentence: • They are sailing around the world. • The hike through the Grand Canyon was long and hard.

4. Subject • The subject tells who or what the sentence is about. • Examples: • Katie Proalis a writer and an artist. • Renee is a good student. ( oh yes she is ) • To find the subject, ask who or what is doing something or whom or what is being talked about. The subject may come at the beginning, middle, or end of the sentence. • Examples: • How kind you are![ Who is kind? You are kind.] • Hiding in the grass was a baby Katie .[ What was hiding? A baby Katie was hiding.]

5. Simple Subject and Complete Subject • The simple subject is the main word or word group that tells who or what the sentence is about. • The complete subject consists of all the words that tell who or what the sentence is about. • Examples: • A round walnut table with five legs stood in the middle of the dining room. • Simple subject: table • Complete subject: A round walnut table with five legs • The four new students arrived early. • Simple subject: students • Complete subject: The four new students

6. Compound Subjects • A compound subject consists of two or more subjects that are joined by a conjunction and that have the same verb. • The conjunctions most commonly used to connect the words of a compound subject are andandor. • Examples: • Paris and Londonremain favorite tourist attractions.[ The two parts of the compound subject have the same verb, remain] • Katie and Reneeare Mrs. Tickles favorite students.[ The two names, Katie and Renee, share the verb are].

7. The Predicate • The predicate of a sentence tells something about the subject. • Examples: • The phone rang. • Old faithful is a giant geyser in Yellowstone National Park. • Like the subject, the predicate may be found anywhere in a sentence. • Examples: • Outside the tent was a fat bear. • Late in the night we heard a noise.[ the complete predicate in this sentence is divided by the subject, we.]

8. Simple predicate and Complete predicate • The simple predicate, or verb, is the main word or word group that tells something about the subject. • The complete predicate consists of a verb and all the words that describe the verb and its complete meaning. • Examples • The telephone on the table rang. • Simple predicate: rang • Complete predicate: rang • The pilot broke the sound barrier. • Simple predicate: broke • Complete predicate: broke the sound barrier

9. Verb phrase • If there is a verb phrase, it is all considered the simple predicate. • Examples: • Renee is riding the pony. • Should Katie have gotten here sooner? • The word not and never are not verbs; they are adverbs. Adverbs are never part of a verb or verb phrase. • Examples: • “I will never say never!”- J. Beibs♥

10. Compound verbs • A compound verb consists of two or more verbs that are joined by a conjunction and that have the same subject. • The conjunctions most commonly used to connect the words of a compound verb are and, or, and but. • Examples: • The rain has fallen for days and is still falling. • A sentence may contain both a compound subject and a compound verb. • Examples • A few vegetables and many flowerssprouted and grew in the rich soil.[ the vegetables sprouted and grew, and the flowers sprouted and grew.]

11. Kinds of Sentences • Declarative • Imperative • Interrogative • Exclamatory

12. Declarative Sentences • A declarative sentence makes a statement and ends with a period. • Examples: • Renee was born in Atlanta, Georgia. • I couldn’t hear what Katie was saying.

13. Imperative Sentences • An imperative sentence gives a command or makes a request. Usually ends with a period; however, if it’s a strong command it may end with an exclamation mark. • Examples: • Be quiet during the movie. [command] • Please give me more candy.[request] • Stop, Renee![strong command]

14. Interrogative Sentences • An interrogative sentence asks a question and ends with a question mark. • Example: • Katie, how much did that ice cream cost? • Can I get a new puppy dog?

15. Exclamatory Sentences • An exclamatory sentence shows excitement and expresses strong feeling and ends with an exclamation point. • Example: • Renee won her soccer game! • How terrifying was that movie!

16. Helpful Hints^* • Look at end punctuation • Look for conjunctions • All simple subjects are nouns or pronouns • All simple predicates are verbs **don’t forget helping verbs** • Prepositional phrases are part of the complete subject or complete predicate depending on what they modify **If the prep phrase starts the sentence and is followed by a comma it will always be part of the complete predicate**