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Serbs and Roma in Kosovo after 1999

Serbs and Roma in Kosovo after 1999. Mark Lee. Geography 308 Russia and Eastern Europe Prof. Zoltan Grossman University of Wisconsin – Eau Claire Spring 2005. http://www.uwec.edu/grossmzc/Yugoslavia1989.jpg. Kosovo’s Autonomy. Enjoyed autonomy within Serbia under Tito

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Serbs and Roma in Kosovo after 1999

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  1. Serbs and Roma in Kosovo after 1999 Mark Lee Geography 308 Russia and Eastern Europe Prof. Zoltan Grossman University of Wisconsin – Eau Claire Spring 2005

  2. http://www.uwec.edu/grossmzc/Yugoslavia1989.jpg

  3. Kosovo’s Autonomy • Enjoyed autonomy within Serbia under Tito • Striped by Milosovic

  4. WAR 1998-1999 Serbia VS. http://www.eye.net/eye/issue/issue_10.11.01/funny/photos/twin-b.gif KLAKosovo Liberation Army http://www.1uptravel.com/flag/images/y/yu-kouck.gif

  5. War 1998-1999 cont. • At least 5,000 Kosovars had been executed during civil war and ethnic cleansing of Albanians http://www.nato.int/kfor/kfor/facts.htm

  6. Post-War Kosovo • Since Serbian forces retreated almost all of the 800,000 Albanian refugees have returned to Kosovo • Tens of thousands of Serbs have left the area since • NATO recognizes KLA as Kosovo Protection Force (KPF)

  7. Roma In a Pickle • Disliked by Serbs for their Muslim religion and Albanian names • Disliked by Albanians, seen as willing collaborators in Serb abuses • http://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/kosov2/#_1_10

  8. Roma and Serb communities 1991 Serb and Roma communities 1991 Roma Serb http://www.kosovo.com/home2a.html

  9. Serb (red) and Roma (purple) communities post-war Kosovo

  10. Obilic • UN Reports that UN restores homes for Serb families • Albanians force Serbs from newly restored homes • April, 2004Total number of destroyed SerbianOrthodox Churches143 http://www.serfes.org/missionary/january2004-april2004report.htm

  11. Serbs fleeing Kosovo • Estimates range from 65,000 to 345,000 • In the capital of Pristina, there were over 40,000 and now fewer than 100

  12. Farmer Massacre July 1999 • 14 Serb farmers gunned down at close range with automatic weapons • NATO’s Kosovo Force (KFOR) reported -- revenge-seeking ethnic Albanians http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9907/26/kosovo.02/

  13. Farmer Massacre • Near Racak, a village of significant killing by Serbian police and military during the war http://www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/shows/yugoslavia/trial2.html

  14. Bijelo Poljenear Pec • Site of massacre of Albanians during war • After war KFOR (NATO) controlled area

  15. Bijelo Polje http://www.kosovo.com/bpolje.html

  16. Bijelo Polje http://www.kosovo.com/bpolje.html

  17. Bijelo Polje http://www.kosovo.com/bpolje.html

  18. UNMIK Prosecutions United Nations Mission in Kosovo • “Only a small number of Albanians acknowledge that members of their community persecuted the Serb minority.” www.globalpolicy.org • The arrest on war crimes charges of Fatmir Limaj, a former Albanian KLA commander, spurred unrest

  19. Airlie Declaration • Virginia 2000 Albanian and Serb leaders met to take steps for peace • Albanians insisted on full participation of Serbs in elections • Serbs contested they don’t have freedom of living and movement

  20. Airlie Declaration cont. • “We agree beginning today to a Pact Against Violence to promote tolerance, condemn violence, prevent negative exploitation of ethnic issues, and enable physical integration and political participation by all.”` • “Particular attention will be given to eliminating ethnic hatred and violence by and among children and to preventing the use of children to promote violence.” http://www.kosovo.com/airlie.html

  21. Mitrovica Riots March 2004 • Kosovar Albanian media reported that three Albanian children drown in Ibar River falsely reporting that they had been chased by Serbs with dogs • http://www.kosovo.com/pogrom_march/mitrovica_riots/page_01.htm

  22. http://www.kosovo.com/pogrom_march/mitrovica_riots/page_01.htmhttp://www.kosovo.com/pogrom_march/mitrovica_riots/page_01.htm • The Riots ensued for 3 days, killing 19 injuring thousands and destroying over 600 buildings

  23. http://www.kosovo.com/pogrom_march/mitrovica_riots/page_01.htmhttp://www.kosovo.com/pogrom_march/mitrovica_riots/page_01.htm

  24. http://www.kosovo.com/pogrom_march/mitrovica_riots/page_01.htmhttp://www.kosovo.com/pogrom_march/mitrovica_riots/page_01.htm

  25. Stalemate • Serbs boycotted elections based on mob violence of March 2004 • Kosovar Albanians want nothing short of independence • Independence or Integration • Both sides may want participation with Serb enclaves joining Serbia and Albanian in Serbia joining Kosovo • NATO opposes as new “ethnic cleansing”

  26. Human Rights Watchhttp://hrw.org/reports/2004/kosovo0704/5.htm • Serbian Orthodox Dioceseshttp://www.kosovo.com/bpolje.htmlhttp://www.kosovo.com/pogrom_march/mitrovica_riots/page_01.htm • Grinitsas, Alkman. “Paradigm Slip, Kosovo Dispatch” The New Republic. April 11, 2005. Found on EbscoHost • CNN.comedition.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9907/26/kosovo.02 • PBS.orghttp://www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/shows/yugoslavia/trial2.html • Nato Websitehttp://www.nato.int/kfor/kfor/facts.htm

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