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Pavement Maintenance II

Idaho Roads Scholar Program. Pavement Maintenance II. Part 1a: SurfaceTreatments. Objective. Investigate types of surface treatments and where they are most beneficial. Surface Treatments: Purpose. Typically used to: Seal cracks Waterproof surface Improve friction Improve rideability

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Pavement Maintenance II

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  1. Idaho Roads Scholar Program Pavement Maintenance II Part 1a: SurfaceTreatments

  2. Objective Investigate types of surface treatments and where they are most beneficial.

  3. Surface Treatments:Purpose Typically used to: • Seal cracks • Waterproof surface • Improve friction • Improve rideability • Rejuvenate surface

  4. Candidate for…?

  5. Surface TreatmentsTypes • Fog Seal • Slurry Seal • Chip Seal • Cape Seal • Scrub Seal

  6. Fog Seal Description Light application of diluted, slow-setting asphalt emulsion without aggregate cover. Purpose • Seal pavement • Inhibit raveling • Enrich hardened/oxidized asphalt • Provide delineation with shoulder

  7. Fog Seal Benefits • Seals small cracks & surface voids • Prevents raveling of chip seals • Prevents snow plow damage • Darkens new chip seals

  8. Fog Seal Feasibility Extent of Problem Distress Type Major Minor Fatigue Cracking Linear & Block Cracking “Stable” Rutting Raveling Flushing/Bleeding Roughness Friction Loss Moisture Damage Shoving Feasible Not Appropriate

  9. Effectiveness Effective Marginal No Impact Fog Seal Extent of Problem Distress Type Major Minor Fatigue Cracking Linear & Block Cracking “Stable” Rutting Raveling Flushing/Bleeding Roughness Friction Loss Moisture Damage Shoving

  10. Fog Seal • A fog seal is one of our least expensive tools to use and also one of our least used tools. It consists of the following steps: • Clean the pavement surface. • Then clean it again! • Provide for traffic control. • Spray the liquid asphalt. • After allowing for cure time blot up any puddling.

  11. Fog Seal

  12. Fog Seal • Most common product used: CSS-1 dilute • Cost for CSS-1 dilute in Boise: $112.00 per ton. • Cost to apply a fog seal: $0.10 to $0.20 per square yard • A maximum of a three year life

  13. Slurry Seal Description Mixture of well-graded aggregate and slow setting asphalt emulsion Purpose • Seal surface cracks. • Correct raveling/oxidation. • Fill minor surface irregularities and restore friction. • Good application to use in subdivisions where curb exposure is an issue.

  14. Slurry Seal Feasibility Extent of Problem Distress Type Major Minor Fatigue Cracking Linear & Block Cracking “Stable” Rutting Raveling Flushing/Bleeding Roughness Friction Loss Moisture Damage Shoving Feasible Not Appropriate

  15. Effectiveness Effective Marginal No Impact Slurry Seal Extent of Problem Distress Type Major Minor Fatigue Cracking Linear & Block Cracking “Stable” Rutting Raveling Flushing/Bleeding Roughness Friction Loss Moisture Damage Shoving

  16. Slurry Seal • A slurry seal utilizes an emulsified asphalt and a small aggregate that is mixed through a mobile pug mill and then is squeegeed onto the pavement. It consists of the following steps: • Clean the pavement surface. • Work is normally performed under a road closure. • Apply the slurry seal. • Wait for cure time. (Usually about???)

  17. Slurry Seal

  18. Slurry Seal

  19. Slurry Seal • Most common seal used: Type II (1/4-10) • Cost to apply: $0.85-$1.20 per square yard. • Has an average of a five to ten year life. • Should seal cracks prior to applying slurry seal. • Requires very clean rock.

  20. Chip Seal Description Application of asphalt and aggregate chips rolled onto the pavement Purpose • Seal pavement • Enrich hardened/oxidized asphalt • Retard reflection cracking on HMA overlays • Improve surface friction

  21. Chip Seal Feasibility Extent of Problem Distress Type Major Minor Fatigue Cracking Linear & Block Cracking “Stable” Rutting Raveling Flushing/Bleeding Roughness Friction Loss Moisture Damage Shoving Feasible Not Appropriate

  22. Effectiveness Effective Marginal No Impact Chip Seal Extent of Problem Distress Type Major Minor Fatigue Cracking Linear & Block Cracking “Stable” Rutting Raveling Flushing/Bleeding Roughness Friction Loss Moisture Damage Shoving

  23. Chip Seal • A Chip Seal provides a little heavier seal and consists of a spray applied liquid asphalt and then rock added to it. A typical Chip Seal consists of the following steps: • Clean the pavement surface. • Provide for traffic control. • Spray the liquid asphalt. • Apply the rock into the asphalt • Roll with pneumatic rollers. • Sweep loose rock up.

  24. Chip Seal

  25. Chip Seal • Most common product used: Polymer modified emulsion. • Cost for emulsion in Boise: $160.00 per ton. • Cost to apply a chip seal: $0.90 to $1.40 per yard. • A typical life of 7 to 12 years.

  26. Chip Seals--Rules of Thumb • Don’t use on bleeding or rutted pavements • Pre-fog seal any new patches • Use clean chips • Wait for warm weather (>70ºF) • Spread chips immediately behind emulsion spray • Roll slowly (walking speed) with rubber roller

  27. Cape Seal • Combination of a chip seal, a slurry seal and usually a crack seal application. • Good process to use where curb exposure is a concern.

  28. Cape Seal Clark Co 1993

  29. Macro Sealing • Application of asphalt and aggregate chips rolled onto the pavement • Single machine applied • Eliminates distance between distributor and chip spreader • Same results as a chip seal

  30. Macro Surfacing

  31. Scrub Seal Description Application of sand or small-sized aggregate on broomed layer of polymer-modified asphalt Purpose • Fill and seal small cracks and voids • Enrich hardened/oxidized asphalt • Preparation for another treatment

  32. Scrub Seal Feasibility Extent of Problem Distress Type Major Minor Fatigue Cracking Linear & Block Cracking “Stable” Rutting Raveling Flushing/Bleeding Roughness Friction Loss Moisture Damage Shoving Feasible Not Appropriate

  33. Effectiveness Effective Marginal No Impact Scrub Seal Extent of Problem Distress Type Major Minor Fatigue Cracking Linear & Block Cracking “Stable” Rutting Raveling Flushing/Bleeding Roughness Friction Loss Moisture Damage Shoving

  34. Scrub Seal • Developed by ADOT • Designed to “arrest light deterioration” • Fills cracks without the labor intensive work • Rejuvenates properties of the old asphalt lost due to oxidation

  35. Scrub Seal - How to apply • Asphalt agent applied by distributor • Scrubbed into the cracks & surface • Sand is then applied over asphalt and scrubbed into cracks & surface again. • Rolled with a pneumatic roller • Traffic removes excess sand • Road opened in about 2 hours

  36. Review Investigate types of surface treatments and where they are most beneficial.

  37. Surface Treatments Types - Review • Fog Seal • Slurry Seal • Chip Seal • Cape Seal • Scrub Seal

  38. Review cont. • 2 layers of rock on layer of asphalt • 60% - 70% aggregate coverage • Adjust for existing pavement condition • Go lighter on new AC patches • Take time to calibrate • Binder protects road - Chips protect the binder • Cubicle chips better than flat chips • Always have clean surface / Equip.

  39. Questions? Surface Treatments

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