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Translation and tRNAs

Translation and tRNAs. Darrell R. Davis Department of Medicinal Chemistry http://www.pharmacy.utah.edu/medchem/faculty/davis/biol3510.html. Ribosome. Overall Structure of Ribosome. RNA structures of Large Subunit. tRNAs on the Ribosome. tRNAs on the Ribosome. RNA Secondary Structure.

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Translation and tRNAs

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  1. Translation and tRNAs Darrell R. Davis Department of Medicinal Chemistry http://www.pharmacy.utah.edu/medchem/faculty/davis/biol3510.html

  2. Ribosome

  3. Overall Structure of Ribosome

  4. RNA structures of Large Subunit

  5. tRNAs on the Ribosome

  6. tRNAs on the Ribosome

  7. RNA Secondary Structure Some Tetraloops in 16S RNA http://www.rna.icmb.utexas.edu

  8. tRNA Phe

  9. Yeast tRNA Folding Saenger

  10. Unusual Pairing in tRNAs

  11. Base Stacking and Intercalation

  12. U-turns, The Anticodon

  13. tRNA Modifications in Eukarya and Bacteria The RNA Modification Database http://medlib.med.utah.edu/RNAmods/ Circles represent nucleosides that are Always present. Gold are invariant or semivariant

  14. Intrinsic properties of 3 base-pair RNA hairpin interactions Grosjean, H., Chantrenne, H. (1980) Mol. Biol. Biochem. Biophys.32, 347-367.

  15. Human tRNALys,3 and E.coli tRNALys

  16. Codon-Anticodon Interactions Adenosine ms2t6A (A9) Pseudouridine ()(F) Uridine mcm5s2U (U9) mnm5s2U (U8) Saenger (1988) “Principles of Nucleic Acid Structure” pp. 347

  17. Effects of mnm5s2U on base-pairing and stacking - s2U base pair stabilization

  18. Summary • The ribosome is a large “molecular machine” for making proteins • tRNAs bind 3 sites on the ribosome, Amino-acyl, Peptidyl, Exit • RNAs (rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA) are seldom “linear”, but fold into • complex structures. • tRNAs can all be folded into a “cloverleaf” secondary structure • tRNAs all form an “L-shaped” 3D structure • tRNAs contain many non-canonical pairs and triples • Modifications are clustered in the functionally important areas • Modifications are conserved in the 3 kingdoms of life. • Modification in the tRNA anticodon help normalize the binding affinity • for the mRNA.

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