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Classification of Living Things chapter 18

Classification of Living Things chapter 18. March 17, 2014. Overview. Taxonomy Why Classify? Binomial Nomenclature The Heirchacal System The Five Kingdoms. Taxonomy. Taxonomy is the branch of science that identifies and categorized organisms. Why do we need to Classify?.

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Classification of Living Things chapter 18

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  1. Classification of Living Thingschapter 18 March 17, 2014

  2. Overview • Taxonomy • Why Classify? • Binomial Nomenclature • The Heirchacal System • The Five Kingdoms

  3. Taxonomy • Taxonomy is the branch of science that identifies and categorized organisms.

  4. Why do we need to Classify? • Imagine your computer or IPod…are all of your songs and files in a single folder or do you have them grouped in some way?? • It is best to organize and group items so that you can find them easier or easily see their relationship to other items.

  5. Why do we need to Classify? • Classifying living things sets up an organized system so scientists can communicate. • The classification system also shows evolutionary linkages between organisms.

  6. Scientists also need a way to NAME organisms • The “common names” used by people can sometime be misleading or confusing. • In order to communicate effectively, biologists need a CONSISTENT naming protocol.

  7. Consider this…. • Are all “Grey Wolves” gray? • Are all “Black Bears” black? • Which is more venomous- a water moccasin or a cottonmouth? • Grey wolves can be b/w & grey: black bears can be brown or gray

  8. Binomial Nomenclature • The system was developed by Carolus Linnaeus who used Greek and Latin names for organisms. • By, binomial we simply mean that all organisms are given scientific names consisting of a genus name and a species name, often in Latin.

  9. Binomial Nomenclature • For example, we humans are called Homo sapiens. Homo is our genus name and sapiens is our species name. • Homo means “man” and sapiens means “wise”. • Genus is capitalized, species is lowercased

  10. Classification Groupings • Domain • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species • How can I remember this??? • Dumb King Phillip Came Over From GreatSpaghetti • As we go from top to bottom, the groups get larger and more specific. • 3 Domains: Achea, Eubacteria, Eukaryrotes

  11. The Kingdoms • There are currently 6 kingdoms- all organisms can be placed into one of those 6. • Classification into a kingdom is based on certain criteria: • Number of cells • How it obtains energy • Type of cell

  12. The SixKingdom System • Archaebacteria • Eubacteria • Protista • Fungi • Plantae • Animalia

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