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The Allied Victory

The Allied Victory. Setting the Stage .

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The Allied Victory

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  1. The Allied Victory

  2. Setting the Stage • On December 22, 1941, just after Pearl Harbor, Winston Churchill and President Roosevelt met at the White House to develop a joint war policy. Stalin had asked his allies to relieve German pressure on his armies in the east. He wanted them to open a second front in the west. This would split the Germans’ strength by forcing them to fight major battles in two regions instead of just one. Churchill agreed with Stalin’s strategy. The Allies would weaken Germany on two fronts before dealing the deathblow. At first Roosevelt was torn, but he ultimately agreed…

  3. The Tide Turns on Two Fronts • Battle of Stalingrad: • Hitler sends his army to capture oil field in the Caucasas Mountains- and to capture Stalingrad • Fighting begins August 23, 1942 • Luftwaffe bomb the city to ruins • Stalin told his men to defend Stalingrad to the death! • By November of 1943 Germany controlled nearly 90% of the city… • Soviet troops outside the city counter-attack and surround the Germans • Cutting off supplies, the Russians force the remaining 90,000 German troops to surrender • Stalin looses nearly 1 million men in the fight for Stalingrad, but now has the Germans retreating west….

  4. War Limits Civil Rights • Japanese Internment Camps: • After Pearl Harbor wave of racism sweeps over the nation • Feb 19, 1942 Roosevelt calls for the “rounding up of aliens” – Jap-America citizens sent to relocation camps • Moved to secure military locations away from the coast • Where they could not assist in Japanese invasions • Most were native born American citizens, and their parents were Japanese….

  5. V-E: Victory in Europe • D-Day Set Up: • Led by Dwight D. Eisenhower • US been landing millions of troops and supplies in GB preparing to invade northern France • Germans knew attack was coming, they didn’t know where • US sets up “dummy armies” near the French port of Calais to throw off the Germans

  6. V-E: Victory in Europe • D-Day: • June 6, 1944 • Code-name Operation Overlord • Main force sent to Omaha Beach • Over 2,700 American soldiers alone died on the beaches that day • Even with heavy loses the Allies took the beach. • Launching point for taking back Paris----then Berlin • Over a million new troops land in Normandy in one month • By September the Allies has liberated France and now set their sites on Germany…..

  7. Battle of the Bulge • Hitler: • “This battle is to decide whether we shall live or die….All resistance must be broken in a wave of terror…” • Hitler attempts to split British and American forces in two to disrupt supply lines • Able to break through weak American lines, but is quickly counter attack and forced to retreat • Defeat at the Battle of the Bulge spells the end for Hitler’s war machine….

  8. Germany’s Unconditional Surrender • 3 million Allied troops approach Berlin from SW • Another 6 million Soviet troops approach from the E • April 25th 1945 Soviets have surrounded the city and are bombarding it with artillery fire. • Hitler hiding in an underground bunker marries his long time girlfriend Eva Braun and they commit suicide in April 30 1945 • May 7, 1945 Dwight D. Eisenhower accepts the unconditional surrender of the Third Reich…the fighting in Europe is finally over….

  9. V-J: Victory in Japan • Japanese in Retreat: • Japanese kamikazes are biggest threat to naval victory in the pacific • Suicide pilots crashed their planes into Allied ships to sink them • March 1945: American Marines take the islands of Iwo Jima and Okinawa. • Okinawa: 100,000 Japanese casualties 12,000 American • Now only 350 miles from southern Japan….

  10. The Japanese Surrender • The Manhattan Project: • Top-Secret Project to develop the atomic bomb • Led by J. Robert Oppenheimer (scientist) • President Truman only learns about the A-bomb when he become president • Bomb or No Bomb: • Truman believes that invasion will cost nearly 500,000 lives • Top advisors believe dropping the bomb is fastest way to end war…

  11. Japanese Surrender • Bombs Away: • Truman gives Japan warning if they do not surrender to expect “rain of ruin from the air” • Japanese do not respond…. • August 6, 1945 US drops “Little Boy” on Hiroshima killing between 70-80,000 people • August 9, 1945 US drops “Fat Boy” on Nagasaki killing another 70,000 people… • Japan surrenders on the USS Missouri on September 2, 1945 • WWII is finally over….

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