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Formation of the Constitutional Convention: Figures, Compromises, & Key Decisions

Learn about the delegates, major compromises, and key decisions made during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Explore the figures who played pivotal roles in shaping our government.

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Formation of the Constitutional Convention: Figures, Compromises, & Key Decisions

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  1. UNIT 3 DELEGATES TO THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION

  2. Government officials realized after Shays’ Rebellion that a change was needed A convention of representatives from each state were called to Philadelphia in 1787

  3. STATEHOUSE IN PHILADELPHIA SITE OF THE CONVENTION

  4. INSIDE OF STATEHOUSE (TODAY) SITE OF THE CONVENTION

  5. There were 74 men asked to come to Philadelphia but only 55 delegates arrived in Philadelphia

  6. They are all staring at me I hope I don’t have a booger hanging out We Love you George George you Rock This is so embarrassing we wore the same thing CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION

  7. *Recognize key figures in the formation of our Government AGE: *The average age of a delegate was 44 years old *= Everyone must Know

  8. *BEN FRANKLIN (Pennsylvania) was the oldest at age 81 JONATHAN DAYTON (New Jersey) was the youngest at age 26

  9. POLITICAL EXPERIENCE: *Most had some experience as politicians in their home states.

  10. *40 of the delegates had been members of the Continental Congress

  11. PROFESSION: *34 of the 55 were lawyers Also included soldiers, planters, educators, ministers, physicians, financiers, and merchants

  12. ECONOMIC STATUS: *Most were very wealthy and many owned slaves

  13. RACE: *All the delegates were white men

  14. Super Star Attendents • **James Madison-read more than a hundred books on Government to get ready • *George Washington- the Hero of the Revolution • *Benjamin Franklin- Famous scientist and statesman brougth his great wisdom with him to the convention

  15. *James Madison • One of the greatest Founding Fathers • His notes detailed the drama of the convention. • Other delegates called him “The Best informed man of any point in debate” • He was so important he was call “ The Father of the Constitution”

  16. LEFT OUT: None of the delegates were African-Americans, Hispanic, women, poor Can I say something here! NO!

  17. UNIT 3 COMPROMISES

  18. *COMPROMISE noun - a settlement of differences in which each side makes concessions (gives in a little) to come to a result which solves a problem *= Everyone must Know

  19. 3 MAJOR COMPROMISES: 1. GREAT COMPROMISE 2. *3/5 COMPROMISE 3. TRADE COMPROMISE

  20. Major debate was over how to set up the *legislative branch of government

  21. It becomes a battle between smaller states and the ones with larger populations VS

  22. Several states submit plans for the type of legislature they want

  23. VIRGINIA PLAN *James Madison 1) The legislative branch would have two houses 2) Both houses would assign representatives based on wealth/population

  24. NEW JERSEY PLAN 1) The legislature would have one house 2) Each state would have only one vote in the legislature

  25. THE GREAT COMPROMISE *This made the Legislative Branch of the Government

  26. GREAT COMPROMISE The legislature would have two houses

  27. GREAT COMPROMISE SENATE – number of representatives for each state are equal = 2 senators = 2 senators

  28. GREAT COMPROMISE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES - based on population = 1 representative (493,000 people) = 52 representatives (38,800,000 people)

  29. CONGRESS *How our Government Works HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (435) BASED ON POPULATION SO NOT EQUAL FOR EVERY STATE SENATE (100) EVERY DATE HAS EQUAL NUMBER

  30. TOTAL NUMBER OF REPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS FROM EACH STATE

  31. THE GREAT COMPRISE VIRGINIA PLAN • 2 houses for legislature • 2) NUMBER of people in congress set by wealth and population SENATE Number of people BASED ON EQUALITY = EACH STATE HAS SAME NUMBER THE LEGISLATURE WILL HAVE 2 HOUSES GREAT COMPROMISE NEW JERSEY PLAN 1) 1 house for legislature 2) Each state would have only one vote in the legislature Number of people BASED ON populations HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Unit 5 – Creating a Government – Page 4 of 10

  32. Next major issue to be decided is slavery and if slaves should be counted as population

  33. * 3/5 COMPROMISE

  34. WHAT IS THE PROBLEM: should slaves be counted as population for taxes and/or to determine representatives in the legislature

  35. NORTH WANTS: Northern states want slaves to not be counted to determine representatives but to be counted for taxes X

  36. SOUTH WANTS: X Southern states want slaves to be counted to determine representatives but not for taxes

  37. THE 3/5 COMPROMISE: Compromise made was count slaves as 3/5 of a person This is used for taxes and to set up the number of reps in Congress

  38. TRADE Northern states agree to do nothing about slave trade until 1808 Southern states agree to allow national government to regulate trade

  39. No state gets everything they wanted but they wrote a constitution they thought would work overall

  40. THE END

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