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Nuclear Security Measures in Greece Upgrading Cargo Area in Seaport of Piraeus Greek Atomic Energy Commission Dr. A. M

Nuclear Security Measures in Greece Upgrading Cargo Area in Seaport of Piraeus Greek Atomic Energy Commission Dr. A. Maltezos. Megaports Regional Workshop On Radiological and Nuclear Detection for the Purpose of Preventing Terrorism 22-24 March 2011, Lisbon, Portugal.

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Nuclear Security Measures in Greece Upgrading Cargo Area in Seaport of Piraeus Greek Atomic Energy Commission Dr. A. M

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  1. Nuclear Security Measures in Greece Upgrading Cargo Area in Seaport of Piraeus Greek Atomic Energy Commission Dr. A. Maltezos Megaports Regional Workshop On Radiological and Nuclear Detection for the Purpose of Preventing Terrorism 22-24 March 2011, Lisbon, Portugal

  2. Greek Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) Independent Civil Service governed by a seven member Board. Responsible for matters of nuclear energy, nuclear technology and radiological protection of the public and the workers, from the ionizing and the artificially produced non ionizing radiation. 2

  3. GAEC’s Statutory Role • Promotion of the peaceful applications of nuclear technology • Regulatory authority • Licensing and inspection • Safety and security • Emergency preparedness and response • Education and training • Information of the public • National and international representations 3

  4. Comprehensive Nuclear Security • Cooperation between GAEC with: • IAEA / Office of Nuclear Security • US-DOE / NNSA • Physical protection of the Greek Research Reactor • Physical protection of radiological materials • State-of-the-art technology at borders to detect illicit trafficking of radioactive materials • Detection instrumentation to cover nuclear security at green lines • Response procedures and training • Illicit trafficking information and assessment 4

  5. Custom Portal Detectors Custom Portable Detectors Green Line (Border Police) Green Line (Coast Guard) Collaborating Laboratories Radiation Detection Systems - Greek Network 5

  6. Green Lines • Portable detectors in 20 main positions in Northern Greece across the land-borders, used by Border Police • Portable detectors in 5 main seaports in Greece, used by Coast Guard 6

  7. Portable Detectors at Green Lines • Pagers • Police/Coast Guard Officer protection • Radioactivity indication • 181 pagers • Isotope Identifiers • Secondary Inspection • Localizes and Identifies radioactive material • 32 identifiers 7

  8. Border Monitoring Activities • Fixed radiation monitors at 3 main land borders, International Athens Airport and Piraeus Seaport. Portable detectors for secondary inspection. • Portable radiation detection equipment for use by Customs at 26 additional border sites. 8

  9. Radiation Portal Monitors installed in Greece 9

  10. Radiation Detection at Borders is a Three Step Process • DETECT • The radiation portal monitor DETECTS the presence of radiation. • LOCATE • The hand-held search instrument LOCATES the source of the radiation. • IDENTIFY • The Radioactive Isotope Identifier Device (“RID”) IDENTIFIES the source of the radiation. 10

  11. Remote Portal Monitor (RPM) • Gamma Detectors (plastic scintillators), Lead shielding to reduce background • Neutron Detectors (3He tubes in Polyethylene) • SC770 controller • Occupancy Sensor(s) • Battery Backup (UPS) • Alarms: Neutron, Gamma, tamper, high / low background, internal fault 11

  12. Local Alarm Station (LAS) 12

  13. Networking the Remote Portal Monitors • Data Networking, to make possible expert support from CAS (MEST) to LAS (FLO) • Remote monitoring the operational status (State-of-Health)of LAN components to support sustainability and maintenance of LAS 13

  14. Networking Concept ADSL (ISDN) or X21 type lines 14

  15. Handheld Equipment(for secondary inspection) • Pagers • Custom Officer protection • Radioactivity indication • Survey meters • Secondary Inspection • Radiation Rate • Isotope Identifier • Secondary Inspection • Localizes and Identifies radioactive material 15

  16. EXAMPLE OF OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR VEHICLES 16

  17. International Athens AirportExtra-Schengen Passengers Terminal 17

  18. Athens International AirportCargo / Mail 18

  19. Piraeus SeaportPassengers Terminal 19

  20. Piraeus Seaport CargoVehicle Monitors 20

  21. Changes in Piraeus Port Operation New Operator in Piraeus Seaport: Piraeus Container Terminal (P.C.T.) (From June 2010) 21

  22. Total Traffic for 2010 Cargo Area of the Seaport of Piraeus Piraeus Port Authority (P.P.A.): 528,339 TEU (Twenty feet Equivalent Units) or 361,573 Containers Piraeus Container Terminal (P.C.T.) (From June 2010) 342,600 TEU or 244,714 Containers 22

  23. Total Traffic for 2010 Cargo Area of the Seaport of Piraeus Sum: 870,939 TEU or 606,287 Containers (~1,660 containers per day) Normilized: 1,115,653 TEU Or 781,083 Containers (~2,140 containers per day) Twice the load is expected in the near future: >4,300 containers per day 23

  24. Inbound Outbound Old Design Server Customs Booth Additional Portal 24

  25. Changes in Piraeus Security Systems • Reconstruction of the entrance at Cargo Terminal, separation of the two operators, PPA and PCT: • New design of the entrance and consequently to security system placement (portals) • Dismounting the existing RPM’s (5 pairs) • Construct, civil works – foundations in new RPM’s positions, wiring etc • Installation of RPM’s (9 pairs) in new positions 25

  26. New Design PCT Outbound 2 lanes PCT Inbound 2 lanes PCT booth P.C.T P.P.A. PPA Inbound 3 lanes PPA Outbound 2 lanes PPA booth 26

  27. Dismounting Portals from old places 27

  28. Storage in PPA Warehouse 28

  29. Construction Phase, Piping 29

  30. Construction Phase, Foundations 30

  31. Place Portals in Final Positions PPA Entrance PCT Entrance 31

  32. Piraeus Port Authority Outbound Inbound

  33. Piraeus Container Terminal Constructions Outbound Inbound

  34. Piraeus Port Cargo Booths PPA Booth PCT Booth

  35. Schedule • End of February 2011 • Put both booths in place, • Place last portal detectors in Final Positions, and • Connections • Mid March 2011 • Final Connections, • Acceptance Tests, • Calibration 35

  36. Lessons learned • Installation Phase • The Design should take into consideration all possible parameters • Cooperation among all parties is important • Take into consideration future upgrade of Passengers terminal • Operation Phase • Adequate Customs personnel • Written procedures available • Continuous Training Program • Organized Maintenance program • Future spectroscopic system in cargo’s terminal

  37. Greek Legal Framework for Customs to Combat Illicit Trafficking of Nuclear and other Radioactive Materials • Obligatory installation and use by customs of specialized radiation detection equipment to combat illicit trafficking of nuclear and other radioactive materials • Custom officers are responsible for dealing with illicit trafficking of nuclear and other radioactive materials • Control of High Activity Shielded Sources and orphan sources 37

  38. Nuclear Security and Radiological Preparedness for the Olympic Games, Athens 2004: Lessons Learned for Organizing Major Public Events Health Physics 91(4):318-330;2006 GAEC http://www.gaec.gr 38

  39. Greek Atomic Energy Commission P.O Box 60092 Agia Paraskevi 15310 T: +30 2106506700 F: +30 2106506748 Email: info@gaec.gr www.gaec.gr Thank you for your attention!

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