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Classification and Diversity

Classification and Diversity. Retired OGT Questions for practice Spring 2010 Activate Responder: Go 41 Go Keep a “self-check list” of which questions you miss so that you can go back to study those topics. Homework: OGT 2008—try your best—answers on the scan tron AND in the booklet.

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Classification and Diversity

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  1. Classification and Diversity Retired OGT Questions for practice Spring 2010 Activate Responder: Go 41 Go Keep a “self-check list” of which questions you miss so that you can go back to study those topics. Homework: OGT 2008—try your best—answers on the scan tron AND in the booklet.

  2. 1. Aristotle was the first person to classify living organisms and did so using a two-kingdom system involving a plant group and an animal group. The system used today is much more useful to scientists because the two-kingdom system did not… • recognize similarities within the plant group. B. separate living things based on characteristics and traits. C. allow for placement of human beings in its classification. D. include many organisms such as those later discovered with microscopes. :45

  3. 2. The chart is a taxonomic key for the fictitious insect genus Problematica. A student has been asked to identify the following insect. To which species does the insect belong? 45 A. Problematica alva B. Problematica brancus C. Problematica cantrellis D. Problematica differensis

  4. 3. The appearance of which organism contributed the most to making it possible for humans and other organisms to breathe Earth’s current atmosphere? 45 A. bony fish B. mammals C. cyanobacteria D. purple sulfur bacteria index

  5. 4. A student is studying several species that belong to the plant kingdom. Which two are most closely related? A. Ficusbenjamina and Ficuslyrata B. Castillaelastica and Ficuselastica C. Bromusjaponicus and Ipomoea violacea D. Fermaldiapandurata and Ficuspandurata 45

  6. Taxonomy and binomial nomenclature Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Binomial nomenclature: Genus species e.g. Homo sapiens Given a choice of two part names, the two having the same genus (1st part the same) are the most closely related in evolutionary terms. On the phylogentic tree above, the U. scoparia and C. dranonides are most closely related, and C. tigris and P. platyrhinos most distantly related. The first letter is an abbreviation for the genus of each species, so none are in the same genus. A lizard P. dorsalis would be most closely related to P. platyrhinos.

  7. 5. Most bacteria reproduce asexually. Mammals reproduce sexually. Describe how these two methods of reproduction differ with respect to the genetic makeup of the offspringproduced. (2 points) Write the answer on separate paper. Scoring Guidelines index

  8. Most bacteria reproduce asexually. Mammals reproduce sexually. Describe how these two methods of reproduction differ with respect to the genetic makeup of the offspringproduced. (2 points) • Asexual reproduction is the production of a whole organism by mitosis. • It is termed asexual because the cells produced have the same genome (all the DNA) as the beginning (mother) cells. • The only source of differences in cell’s DNA is mutations. • Mutations are mistakes made in replicating new DNA during S-phase. • Mammals reproduce sexually, meaning they use meiosis to generate gametes that pass only one of each of their chromosomes to each offspring. • So, the variation in mammal’s alleles arises both due to mutations • and to the random segregation of each parent’s two chromosomes into different gametes. • Variation is also generated by the combining of alleles from two different parents.

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