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NEW TESTAMENT FOUNDATIONS NT 102 Lecture 2

NEW TESTAMENT FOUNDATIONS NT 102 Lecture 2. Paul: The Man & His Letters The Beginnings of the Gentile Church (Paul’s missionary journeys). I. Paul: The Man & His Letters I.1 Introduction I.2 Paul's Jewish Upbringing. Tarsus & Jerusalem.

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NEW TESTAMENT FOUNDATIONS NT 102 Lecture 2

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  1. NEW TESTAMENT FOUNDATIONS NT 102 Lecture 2

  2. Paul: The Man & His Letters • The Beginnings of the Gentile Church (Paul’s missionary journeys)

  3. I. Paul: The Man & His Letters • I.1 Introduction • I.2 Paul's Jewish Upbringing

  4. Tarsus & Jerusalem

  5. a. Hellenistic • (1) grew up in Tarsus in Cilicia • (2) received Greek education

  6. Tarsus

  7. (3) familiar with Greek religions & customs • b. Jewish • I.3 Paul’s Conversion

  8. Roman road

  9. What happened on Damascus road? • a. He received his revelation. • b. He received his apostleship/calling

  10. Implications of Paul’s call: • 1. Jesus as Lord (LXX = God) • 2. Importance of the resurrection • i. Jesus’ vindication by God (the Jewish hope) • ii. In-breaking of the kingdom • 3. Implication for Torah • 4. Implications of the Cross • 5. Theology of Grace

  11. I.4 Paul's Missionary Career • 1. Post call • 2. Paul the traveler

  12. Roman Forum

  13. Ephesian theater

  14. 3. Paul’s missionary journeys • a. From Paul’s conversion to the first missionary journey

  15. b. From Paul's first missionary journey to his death

  16. Chronology of Paul’s Life

  17. Paul’s first missionary journey

  18. Paul’s second missionary journey

  19. Roman Agora in Athens

  20. Stoa in Athens

  21. Paul’s third missionary journey

  22. Chronology of Paul’s Life

  23. I.5 Paul’s Character • 1. Passionate & zealous • 2. Leadership ability • 3. Motivated by Christ’s love

  24. Imageries of Paul to his converts: • Like a father (1 Cor. 4:15; 1 Thess. 2:11) • Like a mother (Gal. 4:19; 1 Thess. 2:7) • Like a brother (Phil. 1:12) • Partners in the gospel (Phil. 1:7) • Implications for our life & ministry today

  25. I.6 Paul’s Theology • I.6.1 Current “issues” & “Debate” • A. What letters did Paul write? • B. Pauline Thought: Coherence, Development, and Contingency.

  26. Is Paul’s theology: • i. Inconsistent & incoherent? • ii. Developed chronologically? • iii. Interplay between a constant core and contingent interpretation?

  27. iv. Is there a theological center of Paul’s theology? Some proposals: • a. “Justification by faith” (e.g. Käsemann) • b. Anthropology (e.g. Bultmann) • c. Salvation-historical (continuity between Judaism & Paul) • d. Jewish apocalypticism (e.g. Beker) • e. Christocentrism (Pauline gospel) • v. Is there a central Pauline narrative or story?

  28. C. Paul & Politics • D. Portraits of Paul • 1. Demeanor: the orator? •   2. Who, what and when? •   3. Paul the Man • a. the anti-Semitic Hellenist •   b. the platonically radicalized now universalist Jew •   c. the fundamentally Jewish Christian •   d. Hellenistic Jewish Christian

  29. E. Paul’s formative influences • 1. Jerusalem or Tarsus or both •   2. influence of Greek rhetoric • F. Paul & Jesus • G. First century model for Pauline churches • 1. Synagogue • 2. Philosophical school • 3. Voluntary association • 4. A heterogeneous mix of some or all BUT in the context of the house

  30. H. Pauline Christology • 1. Wisdom Christology? • 2. High Christology?

  31. I.6.2 Shape of Pauline Theology • a. The revelation of Christ • b. Early Christian traditions • c. OT • d. Graeco-Roman world • e. Judaism

  32. I.7 Paul’s Letters • A. Innovation • B. Form • 1. Introduction • 3 part salutation • a. self-identification of the writer • b. identification of the addressees • c. greetings

  33. 2. Prayer, wish and/or thanksgiving • 3. Main body • 4. Personal news & greetings • 5. Farewell section (greetings, peace, farewells, etc.)

  34. C. Character of Letters • 1. creative • 2. contingency versus coherence • 3. a particular task versus systematic theology • 4. “development” in Paul’s thought?

  35. D. Issues of Authenticity • 1. References to Forgeries •   2. Pseudonymity & the NT • a. pseudonymous letters are unknown from NT period • b. Church’s attitude • c. lack of evidence •   3. Secretaries & scribes •   4. Question of co-authorship •   5. Theological/exegetical & hermeneutical considerations

  36. A. Exegetical concerns (“what the letter meant back then”) • 1. Recognize the letter as written in response to a particular situation • 2. Read against that background • 3. Reconstruct as best as possible the historical situation being addressed

  37. B. Hermeneutical concerns (“what the letter means now”) • 1. Acknowledge historical and cultural distance • 2. Emphasize theological principles over superficial similarities

  38. C. Our concerns/focus on NT Letters: • 1. primarily exegetical-theological • 2. some hermeneutical comments

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