1 / 13

Early Modern Era (1450-1750): The Protestant Reformation

Early Modern Era (1450-1750): The Protestant Reformation. What is the Protestant Reformation?. 1517-1648 The split (splintering) of Roman Catholicism into other Christian faiths (protestant faiths) End of religious unity in Western Europe. 4 Factors leading to Protestant Reformation.

robertsolis
Download Presentation

Early Modern Era (1450-1750): The Protestant Reformation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Early Modern Era (1450-1750): The Protestant Reformation

  2. What is the Protestant Reformation? • 1517-1648 • The split (splintering) of Roman Catholicism into other Christian faiths (protestant faiths) • End of religious unity in Western Europe

  3. 4 Factors leading to Protestant Reformation 1. By end of Middle Ages, many criticize the corruption, wealth and power of Catholic Church • Indulgences, Simony, Personal Faith in God, Anti-Theocractic beliefs 2. Humanist ideas from the Renaissance conflict with religious authority of the Church

  4. 4 Factors leading to Protestant Reformation 3. Political leaders (kings, princes) wanted more power & money (Germany, England); Church was competition to their power 4. Scholars began to read the Bible; many disagreed with Church practices (printing press)

  5. The Timeline of the Reformation • Early 1500s: Popes are accused of living luxuriously. Pope Leo X sought to raise money to rebuild St. Peter’s Basilica; sold church positions (simony) & (forgiveness for sins) indulgences • 1517: German monk Martin Luther nailed 95 Theseson church door in Wittenberg (northern Germany) • Criticized simony, indulgences, other Church practices

  6. The Timeline of the Reformation • 1520 - 21: Pope excommunicated Luther at the Diet of Worms (Germany) • 1520s: Luther declared a heretic and outlaw  German prince hides Luther, while he translates Bible into German  Creates new religion - Lutheranism

  7. Martin Luther’s Message • Opposed selling indulgences b/c no one but God could forgive sins • Salvation by Faith alone  only a strong belief in God can save someone, not their good works • Only need a Bible to have a relationship with God  Pope and priest not important

  8. Why Does the Protestant Reformation Spread? • Printing Press  created by Johannes Gutenberg in 1450  Easier to write and print books  increases literacy • Bible written in German, not Latin • Princes and Kings want more power (Germany and England)

  9. Spread of Reformation to England • 1527: King Henry VIII petitioned Pope for divorce; Pope refused • 1534: Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy • Made king head of the English Church (Church of England) • King closed monasteries & convents, seized Catholic lands

  10. Results of Protestant Reformation • Spread of new religions to England, Switzerland, Germany and the rest of Europe • Greater divide between Protestants and Catholics lead to 150 years of religious warfare • Catholic Counter-Reformation

  11. Catholic Counter Reformation • What is it?  Reaction of the Catholic Church to the Protestant Reformation • Goal: Try to fix problems within Church to get back followers -> Council of Trent • “Bonfire of the Vanities” Savonarola • Reforms: • Inquisition (try to get rid of non-Catholics in certain regions – Spain, France, Italy) • New Religious Orders – Jesuits • Stricter rules for Catholic officials

  12. More Results of the Protestant Reformation • Kings & rulers gained more political power from Germany • Catholic Church lost power, prestige, and wealth • Period of intolerance between Catholics and Protestants • Some create laws for religious tolerance • Edict of Nantes (France) – freedom to choose religion • Greater focus on Education  focus on secular, not religious, ideas  continues Renaissance humanism • Witch hunts throughout Europe

  13. Homework Questions • 1). Explain what the Protestant Reformation is and how it affected Europe in the Early Modern Period. • 2). List the 4 reasons the Protestant Reformation occurred. Explain 2 of them in your own words. • 3). What are the 95 Theses? Specifically explain one complaint Martin Luther had against the Catholic Church. • 4). What happens to Martin Luther because of his 95 Theses? • 5). How did the Printing Press play an important role during the Protestant Reformation? • 6). Explain 2 reasons (don’t list) the Protestant Reformation spreads throughout Europe. • 7). Give 1 example of how the Protestant Reformation impacts a specific European nation. • 8). How does the Catholic Church respond to the Reformation? Give 2 specific examples of the Catholic Church’s response. • 9). Would you have Supported the Protestant Reformation? Explain why/why not. • 10). What questions do you have about the Reformation or Counter-Reformation?

More Related