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Kingdom Protista “The Catch-All Kingdom” Protozoans

Explore the world of protists, the single-celled and microscopic organisms that move independently. Discover their various characteristics, methods of reproduction, and adaptations. Learn about the evolution of protists and the different phyla within the kingdom. Understand the role of protozoans in causing diseases like amoebic dysentery, sleeping sickness, and malaria.

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Kingdom Protista “The Catch-All Kingdom” Protozoans

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  1. Kingdom Protista“The Catch-All Kingdom” Protozoans www.assignmentpoint.com

  2. Characteristics • Single celled • Microscopic • Move independently – named for mechanism of movement • 65,000 species • Most heterotrophic • Free-living or parasitic • All capable of asexual reproduction through binary or multiple fission • Some reproduce sexually through conjugation www.assignmentpoint.com

  3. Sexual reproduction www.assignmentpoint.com

  4. Asexual reproduction • Binary • fission www.assignmentpoint.com

  5. Schizogony • Asexual reproduction in multiple fission, as in Malaria www.assignmentpoint.com

  6. Classification • Currently based on HOW they MOVE • Reviewing this by looking at phylogeny www.assignmentpoint.com

  7. 4 Phyla of Protozoans • Sarcodina • Ciliophora • Zoomastigina • Sporozoa www.assignmentpoint.com

  8. Adaptations • Physiological mechanisms, like eyespots • Form cysts • Multiple nuclei www.assignmentpoint.com

  9. Evolution of Protista • Prokaryotes – 3.5 billion years ago • Eukaryotes – 1.5 billion years ago • Protozoan thought to be descendents of first eukaryotes • Endosymbiotic Theory www.assignmentpoint.com

  10. Endosymbiotic Theory www.assignmentpoint.com

  11. Phylums… www.assignmentpoint.com

  12. Sarcodina • 40,000 species • Amoebas • Pseudopodia – most move • Cytoplasmic streaming • Eat other protists • Ecological roles: forams – tests made from caco3 – sink to bottom and make limestone and chalk deposits Radiolaria – t4ests made form sio2 • Cause diseases like amebic dysentary www.assignmentpoint.com

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  14. Phylum Ciliophora • 8,000 species • Move using cilia • Pellicle, oral groove, gullet, macronucleus, micronucleus • Paramecium www.assignmentpoint.com

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  16. Phylum Zoomastigina • 2,500 species • Move using flagella • Most free-living • Cause disease – zooflagellates • African trypanosomiasis – sleeping sickness – tsetse fly • Chagas Disease – kissing bug • Leishmaniasis – sand fly • giardiasis www.assignmentpoint.com

  17. The tsetse fly – sleeping sickness vector www.assignmentpoint.com

  18. The Kissing Bug www.assignmentpoint.com

  19. Leishmaniasis www.assignmentpoint.com

  20. Phylum Sporozoa • 6,000 species • Carried in blood • Cause disease like toxoplasmosis and malaria • Know malaria cycle!!!! www.assignmentpoint.com

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