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Rise and Decline of the Russian Empire: Cultural Diffusion and Religious Unity

Explore the formation of the Russian Empire with Byzantine influence, Viking impact, and conversion to Eastern Christianity. Learn about key figures like Vladimir, Yaroslav the Wise, and Ivan III. Witness the challenges of Mongol rule and Moscow's ascension to power. Discover the empire's growth, struggles, and eventual liberation.

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Rise and Decline of the Russian Empire: Cultural Diffusion and Religious Unity

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  1. The Russian Empire Chapter 11 Section 2

  2. Setting the Stage • Byzantines • Traded w/ & sent missionaries to Slavic regions • Cultural diffusion • Result: • Russian Culture • Blending Slavic & Greek culture

  3. Geography • Location: • West  Ural Mountains • In-between 2 seas? • Black Sea & Baltic Sea • Modern Day Nations? • Ukraine & Russia

  4. Geography • 3 Rivers: • Dnieper, Don, Volga • All 3 • Slow moving • Interconnecting • Result: • Highways • Goods & ideas • Sometimes • Armies & disease

  5. Location

  6. Early Inhabitants • Slavic Tribes • Common culture • No pol. Unity • 800s • Vikings = Rus • Built forts along the rivers • 1st unified territory? • Rurik  Novgorod (842) • Blended with the Slavic people • Over time adopted Slavic culture

  7. The Vikings

  8. Rus • Capital moved to Kiev (880) • Dnieper River • Better access to • Byzantine Empire • Via ____________ Sea • Grew into principality • Small state ruled by a prince

  9. Cathedral of St. Sophia

  10. Vladimir (980) • What do all politicians want? • Power • What would help them control their people? • Unity • What is the greatest unifier? • Religion

  11. Vladimir • Sent envoys out to observe the major religions • What are the major religions (4)? • Failures: • Islam • No alcohol or pork • Judaism • loss of Jerusalem evidence abandoned by God • Western Christianity • Churches  no beauty

  12. Vladimir • Winner: • Eastern Christianity • Why? • Splendor of Constantinople • God’s presence • Caesaropapism

  13. Vladimir

  14. Vladimir • The Baptism of Vladimir Viktor Vasnetsov (1890)

  15. Result: • Vladimir & subjects converted • Imported teachers • Instruct the people in the new faith The Baptism of Kievans by Klavdy Lebedev

  16. Yaroslav the Wise

  17. Yaroslav the Wise • Vladimir’s son • Achievements: • Pol. Marriages  forge trading alliances • Legal code • Built 1st library • Not so wise • He ÷ his realm among his sons • Fought amongst themselves • Became new practice

  18. Decline • Yaroslav’s succession policy • Crusades disrupted trade • Mongols • From the steppes of Asia • Swept into Europe • 1240 Batu Khan (Genghis’ grandson) • Sacked Kiev • Ruled southern Russia = 200 yrs.

  19. Mongols • Khanate of the Golden Horde • K = kingdom • G = Royal Color of the Mongols • H = camp

  20. Russia Under Mongol Rule • 2 demands • Absolute obedience & heavy tribute • Russians could follow their customs • Practice their religion • Russian nobles cooperated w/ Mongols • Crushed revolts & collected taxes • Isolated • Little access to new ideas & inventions

  21. Moscow • Founded 12th century • 1156 crude village • Strategic location • Near the 3 rivers • Control rivers = control European Russia

  22. The Mongols

  23. The Mongols

  24. Moscow

  25. Ivan I (1304-1340) • Russian Noble • 1320s crushed R revolt against Mongols • Rewards: • Tax collector of all Slavic lands • Title “grand prince” • Result: • Most powerful & wealthiest Russian prince • Patriarch moved •  city’s prestige & new ally

  26. Ivan I & Successors • Enlarged Moscow’s territory • Land purchases • Wars • Trickery • Shrewd marriages

  27. Ivan III

  28. Ivan III Tearing the Great Khan’s Letter Requesting More Tribute in 1480

  29. Ivan III (1440–1505) • 43 yr reign (longest-reigning Russian ruler) • Took title  Czar • Caesar • Goal: • Make Moscow 3rd Rome • Refused to pay tribute (1480) • Battle of Ugra River (150 mi. SW of Moscow) • Neither side advanced • Result: • Bloodless standoff = liberation

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