Parts of a Sentence

Parts of a Sentence • Subject: who or what that performs the action EX: Katniss runs through the woods. S A V prep adj n • Verb: the action or state of being

Practice • Clove tried to kill Katniss. • Peeta was a baker’s son. • The arena is intimidating. • Love is a fickle think. • Suzanne Collins depicts the characters.

Complements • A complement is a word or group of words that completes the meaning of the verb. There are two kinds of complements: Subject Complements and Objects of the Verb.

Parts of a Sentence You Must Choose Action Verb Linking Verb Subject Linking Verb Predicate Noun Predicate Adjective • Subject • Action Verb • Direct Object • Indirect Object

Complements: Objects of the Verb • Action verbs often need complements called direct objects and indirect objects to complete their meaning. • Direct Object – a word that names the receiver of the action of an action verb. It answers the question what? • Indirect Object – a word that tells to what, to whom, or for whom an action is done. The indirect object usually comes between the verb and the direct object.

Direct Object • Only comes with an ACTION verb • Answers the question who? Or what? • Nouns or pronouns are normally direct objects. EX: The Tributes hit targets for practice. adj S AV DO prep n

Steps to Finding a Direct Object To Find a Direct Object: • Locate and identify the verbto ensure it’s an action verb. • Next, say the verbout loud and then say “who” or“what” behind the verb. If I only have one answer, the answer to thequestion is the D.O. AV D.O. • Brooke threw the ball. (Threw what? ) • Jamesranthemilein 5 minutes. (Ran what?)

Today’s Practice: 1. Paul built a doll house for Hayley. 2. The club members held a party in the park. 3. The audience cheered their favorite actors during the play. 4. Tiny children prefer short stories. 5. Terri really dialed a wrong number last night.

ANSWERS: 1. Paul built a doll housefor Hayley. 2. The club members held a partyin the park. 3. The audience cheered their favorite actorsduring the play. 4. Tiny children prefer short stories. 5. Terri really dialed a wrong numberlast night.

Indirect Object • Indirect objects are only in sentences with direct objects. • Answer the question to whom? Or to what? For whom? Or For what? • The indirect object appears between the verb and the direct object. EX: Katniss threw Rue a piece of bread. S AV IO adj DO prep n

Indirect Objects To Find an Indirect Object: Step One: Locate and identify the action verb. Step Two: Ask “to whom” or “to what”. If you have TWO answers, you have an IO and a DO. The IO comes first. Note: You always find the direct object first because if there is no D.O., then there will never be an I.O. S AV I.O. D.O. • Brooke threwNicole the ball. (To whom?)

How to Find an Indirect Object • Another example: Lucy brought her a present. • The action verb is brought. • Brought who? her • Brought what? a present • Since both questions had answers, you have found both a direct object and an indirect object. • “Her” is the IO. “Present” is a DO.

Examples • The girl gave me a new pair of shoes. • Lili tipped the waiter five dollars. • Toby hit Dwight with a piece of jell-o. • Carmen danced with Robert at the dance. • Fred gave Betty a new string of pearls. • Lauren bought Lo a new Tiffany bracelet. • Sunny loved Cher with all of his heart.

Examples • The girl gaveme a new pairof shoes. • Lilitipped the waiter five dollars. • Toby hitDwight with a piece of jell-o. • Carmen danced with Robert at the dance. • Fred gaveBetty a new stringof pearls. • Lauren boughtLo a new Tiffany bracelet. • Sunny lovedCher with all of his heart.

Predicate Noun or Predicate Adjective • Predicate nouns and predicate adjectives can only be with a linking verb. • Reminder: A linking verb connects the subject and verb to additional information about the subject. • Sometimes verbs have multiple personalities – they can be both action and linking. • How can you tell? If you can substitute am, is, or are and the sentence still makes sense, it is a linking verb! • EX: I smell the aroma of pizza baking in the oven. • I is the aroma….? NO! • EX: The pizza smells heavenly. • The pizza is heavenly….? YES!

Predicate Noun or Predicate Adjective Predicate Nouns: follow a linking verb and rename the subject EX: Katniss is a hunter. S LV adj PN NOTE: A predicate noun can be compound • Mrs. Vinson is a teacher, friend, and neighbor. • These are all PNs. Predicate Adjectives: follow a linking verb and describe the subject EX: Katniss is hostile. S LV PA

Steps to finding a PA/PN • Identify the verb. If it is action, go to the other side of the road. • It HAS to be linking. Use the is, are, am test. • If the word describing the subject is a noun, you have a PN. • If the word describing the subject is an adjective, you have a PA.

Now, let’s practice…Write the underlined word in each sentence, and identify it as a predicate noun or a predicate adjective. • Migration routes are highways in the sky for birds. • The migration of song birds is difficult to track. • The birds are too little to carry radio transmitters. • Identification bands can be useful in tracking migration. • The bands often become loose, however.

Now, let’s practice…List the subject, verb, and predicate nouns in the following sentences. • My favorite pets were a squirrel and a rabbit. • Our chief crops were corn, wheat, and hay. • Mr. Jones is an accountant and a big game hunter. • The owners of the race car include Bill, Pete, and Sam. • My favorite holidays are Christmas and Easter.

Parts of a Sentence