1 / 76

Oracle VM

Oracle VM. Julian Dyke Independent Consultant. Web Version - October 2008. juliandyke.com . Agenda. Virtualization Oracle VM Oracle VM Server Oracle VM Agent Oracle VM Manager. Virtualization. Virtualization Overview. Virtualization is the process of abstracting computing resources

sai
Download Presentation

Oracle VM

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Oracle VM Julian Dyke Independent Consultant Web Version - October 2008 juliandyke.com

  2. Agenda • Virtualization • Oracle VM • Oracle VM Server • Oracle VM Agent • Oracle VM Manager

  3. Virtualization

  4. VirtualizationOverview • Virtualization is the process of abstracting computing resources • Multiple operating systems and application images share same physical server • Benefits include: • Cost of ownership • Hardware • Licensing • Power • Cooling • Space • Functionality • High Availability • Resource Management • Cloning • Migration

  5. HardwarePartitions Operating SystemPartitions VirtualMachines Physical Partitions Partitions Binary Translation • Physically isolated- Native hardware speed- Dedicated resources • Must run same OS- May support different levels of same OS- Limited fault isolation- De-privileged kernel- Near native speed- Some code changes required • Run time translation- Any hardware / OS- Slower Virtual Partitions Para-Virtualization • Online Add / Remove- Near native hardware speed- Shared I/O • Special O/S Build- Any hardware/ Linux- Faster Shared Partitions Hardware Virtualization AIX and HP/UX Solaris X86 / X86-64 VirtualizationTypes of Virtualization • Early support (Intel / AMD)- Any O/S- Will be fastest • Shared CPU- Dynamic CPU cycle allocation

  6. VirtualizationSupported Platforms • Information supplied by Oracle Corporation 1 Supported with Oracle Database 11.0.7 2 Need to disable Numa for dynamic support. 3 Static support only. 4 VIO is an option for dLPAR and micro-partitions.

  7. VirtualizationCertified Application Server Platforms • The following virtualized platforms are certified for Oracle Application Server • On Solaris both global and local zones/containers are supported, but LDOMs are not supported • See http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/ias/hi_av/oracleas_supported_virtualization.html

  8. VMwareOracle Support Status • Limited support for Oracle products on VMware • Oracle has not certified any of its products on VMware • Oracle will support customers running Oracle products running on VMware • for issues known to occur on the native OS • for issues that can be demonstrated not to be a result of using VMware • See Metalink Note 249212.1 - Support Position for Oracle Products running on VMware virtualized environments for more details

  9. Applications Applications Guest OS Guest OS Guest VM Guest VM Hypervisor X86 or X86/64 Bare-Metal Server CPU I/O Memory Network VirtualizationHypervisor-Based Virtualization

  10. Xen HypervisorOverview • Xen hypervisor • Small, lightweight, software virtual machine monitor • Supports x86 and x86-64 only • Executes multiple virtual machines on one physical system • Each virtual machine has its own guest operating system • Originally developed at Cambridge University • Now open source • Included in • Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.0 and above • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.0 and above • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 • Enhanced version included in Oracle VM Server Beware - Oracle VM Manager overrides some Xen default properties

  11. Oracle VM

  12. Oracle VMOverview • Server virtualization software • Supports both Oracle and non-Oracle applications • Claimed to be three times more efficient than other server virtualization products • Backed by Oracle support • Available for free download • edelivery.oracle.com/oracle/vm • Guests supported include: • Linux • Windows • Runs on x86 and x86-64 based systems

  13. Oracle VMOverview • Oracle products certified with Oracle VM include: • Oracle Database • Oracle Fusion Middleware • Oracle Applications • Consists of • Open Source server software • integrated Web browser-based management console

  14. Oracle VMVirtual Machines • Oracle VM allows users to create and manage Virtual Machines (VMs) • VMs • exist on same physical server • behave like independent physical servers • Each VM has its own • virtual CPUs • network interfaces • storage • operating system

  15. Oracle VMComponents • Oracle VM Server • Self-contained virtualization environment • Provides lightweight, secure, server-based platform forrunning VMs • Based on updated version of Xen hypervisor technology • Includes Oracle VM Agent • Oracle VM Agent • Installed with Oracle VM Server • Communicates with Oracle VM Manager for management of virtual machines • Oracle VM Manager • Provides user interface to manage Oracle VM servers and resources • Standard Application Development Framework (ADF) web applications

  16. Oracle VMArchitecture Oracle VM Manager Oracle VMManagerRepository Web Browser-based User Interface Java-based Management Server Oracle VM Server OracleVM Agent dom0 domU domU domU Hypervisor Host Hardware CPU, Network, Memory, Disk

  17. Oracle VMSupported Hardware • Oracle VM requirements • 32 bit or 64 bit host • i686-class processor • all Intel Pentium Pro or newer models • Intel Pentium 4 recommended as a minimum • all AMD Athlon/Duron processors or newer models • AMD Athlon recommended as a minimum • For unmodified guest operating systems CPU must provide hardware virtualization support • Hardware virtualization optionally provided by the following processors: • Intel Pentium D, Core, Core2, Xeon • AMD Athlon, Opteron

  18. Oracle VMSupported Guest Operating Systems • Oracle VM supports the following guest operating systems: • Oracle Enterprise Linux 4 • Oracle Enterprise Linux 5 • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 • Microsoft Windows 2003 • Microsoft Windows Server 2003 • Microsoft Windows HP • Note that Microsoft Windows is only supported on hardware virtualization (HV) capable hardware • Currently Windows runs significantly slower on Oracle VM than on native hardware • Oracle is developing paravirtualized Windows drivers to improve performance of Windows on Oracle VM

  19. Oracle VMProduct Certification • Oracle VM is the only x86 based server virtualization environment on which Oracle products are supported • Oracle products currently certified with Oracle VM (September 2008) include: • Oracle Database 10gR2 and11gR1 • Oracle RAC 10gR2 (10.2.0.4) • Oracle Application Server 10gR2 and 10gR3 • Oracle Enterprise Manager 10.2.0.4 • Oracle Berkeley DB4.6 • Oracle TimesTen 7.0.3.1 • Oracle E-Business Suite11.5.10 and12 • Oracle PeopleSoft Enterprise 8.4.x and 9.0 • PeopleTools 8.49.07and above • Oracle Siebel CRM 8.0 • Oracle Hyperion 9.3.1 • See Metalink Note 464754.1 - Certified Software on Oracle VM

  20. Oracle VMProduct Certification • Only the following Application Server components are currently certified: • SOA 10.1.3.1.0 with 10.1.3.3.0 patchset • WebCenter 10.1.3.2.0 with 10.1.3.3.0 patchset • Oralce Communication and Mobility Server 10.1.3.3.0 (Linux x86 only) • Oracle Data Integrator 10.1.3.3.0 • Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition 10.1.3.3.0 • Identity Management 10.1.4.0.1 and 10.1.4.2.0 • Oracle Identify Federation 10.1.4.0.1 and 10.1.4.2.0 • Oracle Virtual Directory 10.1.4.2.0 • Oracle Access Manager 10.1.4.2.0 • Oracle Identity Manager 9.1.0.0 • Oracle Universal Content Management 10.1.3.3.1 (Linux x86 only) • Oracle Universal Records Management 10.1.3.3.1 (Linux x86 only) • See Metalink Note 464754.1 - Certified Software on Oracle VM

  21. Oracle VMOracle Single Instance Database Support • As of September 2008 Oracle single instance databases are certified with Oracle VM with the following restrictions • x86 and x86-64 platforms • Oracle Enterprise Linux 4.x, 5.x, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.x, 5.x • Oracle 10.2.0.3 or above • Oracle VM 2.1 or above • Para-virtualized and hardware virtualized modes • Use para-virtualized drivers in both modes • Windows supported in Oracle 11.1.0.7 and above • Live migration supported in Oracle 11.1.0.7 and above

  22. Oracle VMOracle RAC Database Support • As of September 2008 RAC is certified with Oracle VM with the following restrictions • X86 32-bit platform only • Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.1 or above • Oracle 10.2.0.4 only • Oracle VM 2.1.2 only • Para-virtualized mode only • Static mode support only • No dynamic resource changes • No live migration • Oracle Recommendations • Each RAC node should be deployed on a different physical server • Use physical block devices for database files • Do not over-commit CPUs

  23. Oracle VMOracle RAC Database Support • Why would you want to run RAC on Oracle VM? • Resource Management • Control amount of CPU and memory used by each instance • Cloning • For development, test and pre-production • Migration • Move instance from one node to another • Hardware must currently be identical • Live Migration • Not supported with RAC

  24. Oracle VMOracle Support Costs • Support costs (August 2008): • Oracle VM Premier Support includes • Access to software and updates through the Unbreakable Linux Network • 24x7 global support • Pricing / licensing for Oracle products used with Oracle VM is unaffected • CPU licensing is still based on physical processors

  25. Oracle VM Server

  26. Oracle VM Server Installation • Oracle VM Server installation is similar to current Enterprise Linux installation

  27. Oracle VM ServerInstallation • Default partitioning layout for an 80GB disk: • Defaults can be overwritten during installation • Note that all unallocated storage is assigned to /OVS • Component list cannot be updated • Package installation takes around 6 minutes

  28. Oracle VM ServerVirtualization Types • Oracle VM servers can be • Para virtualized • Hardware virtualized • Para virtualization • Requires virtualization aware kernel • Available in Enterprise Linux 4 and 5 (Oracle and Red Hat) • Currently best performance • Hardware virtualization • Can run unmodified kernels e.g Enterprise Linux 3, Windows etc • Requires virtualization aware CPUs • Virtualization must be enabled in BIOS

  29. Oracle VM ServerHardware Virtualization • Why is para-virtualization currently faster? • Intel currently supports hardware virtualization of CPU • VT-x on x86 / x86-64 • VT-i on Itanium • In future processors Intel will support hardware virtualization for: • Directed I/O • VT-d • Memory / Page Tables • Extended Page Tables (EPT) • Networking Devices • VT-c • When these are available hardware virtualization will be faster then para-virtualization • Note: AMD also provides hardware virtualization

  30. Oracle VM ServerHardware Virtualization

  31. Oracle VM ServerParavirtualization • Para-virtualization requires a xen-aware kernel • Available in Enterprise Linux 4 Update 5 and above • For example for paravirtualized kernel /etc/grub.conf contains: default=0timeout=5splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gzhiddenmenutitle Enterprise Linux (2.6.18-8.el5xen) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-8.el5xen ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 console=xvc0 rhgb quiet initrd /initrd-2.6.18-8.el5xen.img • Default kernel is: [root@server11 ~]# uname -r2.6.18-8.1.15.1.16.el5xen

  32. Oracle VM ServerInstallation • Example of /etc/issue for para-virtualized guest Oracle VM server release 2.1.2Hypervisor running in 64 bit mode with NO Hardware Virtualization support. Network :Management Interface :If : eth0(Up) Mac : 00:17:3F:99:F3:7C IP address : 192.168.2.111 Configured Networks and Bridges :If : eth0 Mac : 00:17:3F:99:F3:7CIf : eth1 Mac : 00:17:3F:9A:03:B9If : xenbr0 Mac : FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FFIf : xenbr1 Mac : FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF CPU :cpu family : 6model : 15model name : Intel(R) Pentium(R) Dual CPU E2160 @ 1.80GHz [root@server11 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-releaseOracle VM server release 2.1.2

  33. Oracle VM ServerInstallation • Example of /etc/issue for hardware virtualized guest Oracle VM server release 2.1.2Hypervisor running in 64 bit mode with Hardware Virtualization support. Network :Management Interface :If : eth0(Up) Mac : 00:04:23:DC:1E:78 IP address : Configured Networks and Bridges :If : eth0 Mac : 00:04:23:DC:1E:78If : eth1 Mac : 00:04:23:DC:1E:79If : xenbr0 Mac : 00:04:23:DC:1E:78If : xenbr1 Mac : 00:04:23:DC:1E:79 CPU :cpu family : 6model : 15model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) Dual CPU X5355 @ 2.66GHz [root@server11 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-releaseOracle VM server release 2.1.2

  34. Oracle VM ServerXen Configuration • Xen is configured in /etc/sysconfig/xendomains • It should not be necessary to modify this file • Services installed for xen include: • xend • xendomains

  35. Oracle VM ServerOCFS2 Configuration • OCFS2 is configured in /etc/ocfs2/cluster.conf • Initially configured as single node. For example: node: ip_port = 7777 ip_address = 192.168.2.111 number = 0 name = server11.juliandyke.com cluster = ocfs2 cluster: node_count = 1 name = ocfs2 • Should be extended to contain all servers in pool • Services installed for OCFS2 include: • o2cb • ocfs2

  36. Oracle VM ServerOVS Configuration • OVS release is reported in /etc/ovs-release [root@server11 ~]# cat /etc/ovs-releaseOracle VM server release 2.1.2 • Services installed for Oracle VM include: • ovs-agent • ovsrepositories • Oracle VM agent is configured in /etc/ovs-agent/agent.ini

  37. Oracle VM ServerShared Storage • Multiple Oracle VM Servers must share storage • Oracle VM uses OCFS2 by default • Shared directory is created by Oracle VM Server installation • Called /OVS • Created as ocfs2 • Must be manually extended to other VM servers in pool • Contains various pools including: • iso_pool - contains ISO images • running_pool - contains run-time images for guests • seed_pool • publish_pool

  38. Oracle VM ServerGuest Installation • Linux guest installation uses Anaconda • Guest operating system MUST be installed from ISO images • Cannot directly mount CD/ROM • Installation can use • NFS - from local or remote server • HTTP - from remote web server • FTP - from remove FTP server • See Metalink Note 466005.1 - Mounting an ISO for Paravirtualized Guest Operating System Installation

  39. Oracle VM ServerGuest Installation • Guest can be installed using • virt-install • operating system utility • VM Manager • GUI-based installation • Install utilities are not entirely compatible e.g. • virt-install creates configuration file in /etc/xen • e.g. /etc/xen/guest11 • VM Manager creates additional configuration file called vm.cfg • e.g. /OVS/running_pool/guest1/vm.cfg • Prior to first installation create Oracle VM standard pools in /OVS: [root@server11]# mkdir /OVS/running_pool [root@server11]# mkdir /OVS/iso_pool

  40. Oracle VM ServerGuest Installation using NFS • NFS can be mounted on the local host • NFS services must be started: [root@server11]# service portmap startStarting portmap: [ OK ] [root@server11]# service nfs startStarting NFS services: [ OK ]Starting NFS quotes: [ OK ]Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ]Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ] • Firewall must be disabled: [root@server11]# service iptables stop Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]Unloading iptables modules: [ OK ]

  41. Oracle VM ServerGuest Installation using NFS • If the installation software is delivered in a single (DVD-ROM) image • Create a mount point [root@server11]# mkdir /el • If the installation is on a DVD then mount the device [root@server11]# mount /dev/cdrom /el • If the installation software is in an ISO file mount as a loopback device [root@server11]# mount -o ro,loop /dev/cdrom /el • Export the file system [root@server11]# exportfs *:/el • Verify the file has been exported [root@server11]# exportfs/el <world>

  42. Oracle VM ServerGuest Installation using NFS • If the installation software is delivered in multiple (CD-ROM) images • Create a directory [root@server11]# mkdir /el • If the installation is on a CD-ROM then mount the device [root@server11]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/iso • If the installation software is in an ISO file mount as a loopback device [root@server11]# mount -o ro,loop <filename> /media/iso • Copy the contents to the /el directory [root@server11]# cd /media/iso[root@server11]# cp -var * /media/iso • Unmount the directory [root@server11]# cd[root@server11]# umount /media/iso • Repeat for remaining disks or ISO images • Export the file system as shown on previous slide

  43. Oracle VM Servervirt-install • The virt-install can be executed by the root user either interactively or using arguments • For example interactively (as root) [root@server11]# virt-installWhat is the name of your virtual machine? guest1How much RAM should be allocated (in megabytes?) 512What would you like to use as the disk (path)? /OVS/running_pool/guest1How large would you like the disk (/OVS/running_pool/guest1) to be (in gigabytes)? 5 Would you like to enable graphics support? (yes or no) yesWhat is the install location? nfs:server11:/el • Using arguments: [root@server11]# virt-install \--name guest1 \--ram=512 \--file=/OVS/running_pool/guest1 \--file-size=5 \--location=nfs:192.168.2.111:/el \--nographics

  44. Oracle VM Servervirt-install • During installation of Enterprise Linux guest you will be prompted for a TCP/IP configuration • Ensure that a Gateway IP address is specified otherwise installation will fail with the following error: That directory could not be mounted from the server • By default guest O/S will be installed in /dev/xvda

  45. Oracle VM Servervirt-install • During initialization virt-install always reports the following error libvir: Xen Daemon error: GET operation failed: • This error can be ignored • Folllowing restart of new operating system virt-install using text graphics reports the following error libvir: Xen Daemon error: internal error domain information incomplete, missing kernel Entity: line 25: parser error : Opening and ending tag mismatch: os line 5 and domain</domain> Entity: line 26: parser error : Premature end of data in tag domain line 1 • This error can also be ignored • See Metalink Note 466563.1 - Oracle VM: First Boot after Installation of Guest OS Fails with Text Console

  46. Oracle VM ServerXen Configuration • Default virt-install of a guest O/S creates configuration /etc/xen • e.g. /etc/xen/guest1 # Automatically generated xen config filename = "guest1"memory = "512"disk = [ 'file:/OVS/running_pool/guest1,xvda,w', ]vif = [ 'mac=00:16:3e:6d:c2:92, bridge=xenbr0', ] uuid = "286c380b-4cd6-9308-5987-4ff05d4d2278"bootloader="/usr/bin/pygrub"vcpus=1on_reboot = 'restart'on_crash = 'restart'

  47. Oracle VM Serverxm utility • xm is the Xen management user interface • To list valid options [root@server11]# xm help • To print the message buffer [root@server11]# xm dmesg • To start a VM [root@server11]# xm create -c /etc/xen/guest1 • To shutdown a VM [root@server11]# xm shutdown guest1

  48. Oracle VM Serverxm utility • To list running VMs [root@server11]# xm list Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)Domain-0 0 468 2 r----- 254.1guest1 9 256 1 -b---- 19.7guest2 10 256 1 -b---- 16.0 • To start a console session [root@server11]# xm console 9 • where 9 is the ID in xm list • To end the console session press CTRL-]

  49. Oracle VM Serverxentop utility • Similar to top • Same as xm top • Executed from dom0 • Shows current state of all domains including dom0 and guests [root@server11 ~]# xentop • For example xentop - 10:23:58 Xen 3.1.43 domains: 1 running, 2 blocked, 0 paused, 0 crashed, 0 dying, 0 shutdownMem: 1037820k total, 1034928k used, 2892k free CPUs: 2 @ 1800MHz NAME STATE CPU(sec) CPU(%) MEM(k) MEM(%) MAXMEM(k) MAXMEM(%) VCPUS NETS NETTX(k) NETRX(k) VBDS VBD_OO VBD_RD VBD_WR SSID Domain-0 -----r 256 0.3 479232 46.2 no limit n/a 2 8 1358489 9219 0 0 0 0 0 guest1 --b--- 20 0.1 262144 25.3 262144 25.3 1 1 6 9 1 0 3295 1834 0 guest2 --b--- 21 0.1 262144 25.3 262144 25.3 1 1 7 0 1 0 3240 1727 0

  50. Oracle VM Agent

More Related