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Greek Society

Greek Society. HST 121: Western Civilization to 1500. Outline. Greek Dark Age Polis/Poleis Gender roles. The Greek Dark Age (1200 - 800 BC). What is a “dark age”? How do we know about the Greek Dark Age? Back conjecture from 800 BC evidence The Iliad and The Odyssey Literacy

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Greek Society

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  1. Greek Society HST 121: Western Civilization to 1500

  2. Outline • Greek Dark Age • Polis/Poleis • Gender roles

  3. The Greek Dark Age (1200 - 800 BC) • What is a “dark age”? • How do we know about the Greek Dark Age? • Back conjecture from 800 BC evidence • TheIliad and TheOdyssey • Literacy • Scribal 2% • General 50%+ • Universal 90%+ Mycenae Dark Age 800 BC 1200 BC

  4. Utility of the vowel • Th ct n th ht t grn ggs nd hm • Fr scr nd svn yrs g • Th scrn dr slmmd mrs drss wvd Lk vsn sh dncs crss th fl s th rd pld r rbsn sng fr th lnl thts m nd wnt nl dnt trn m n gn jst cnt fc mslf ln gn

  5. Utility of the vowel • The Greek pick up the concept of the vowel from the Phonecians, their trading partners in what is modern day Lebanon • They realized its utility as a tool to make money • Greek becomes the lingua franca of trade in the Mediterranean world • It will remain so until the Islamic conquests

  6. The Polis • Definition • Aristotle: “Man is a political animal” • Aspects • Size • Citizenship • Active • Passive (“liminal”) • Slaves/aliens • Identity • Defence

  7. Hoplite

  8. Hoplite shield wall

  9. Hoplite phalanx 8 men deep

  10. Requirements of the phalanx • The cowardice of one threatened the lives and freedom of all • How to maintain the unity of the phalanx? • “Unit cohesion” • Men fought and socialized together • Phratry or brotherhood • Both familial and social • Love

  11. Gender roles • For most Greeks, men and women were very different (Sparta is exception) • Types of “Love” • Spiritual (Platonic) love - men • Familial love - both men and women • Carnal - women • Sexual segregation of women • gyneceum

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