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The Japanese experience in micro CHP for residential use

The Japanese experience in micro CHP for residential use. May 29th, 2008 Gas Industry Micro CHP Workshop 2008 Kunihiro Nishizaki Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. Contents. Introduction ～ Gas Engine Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC).

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The Japanese experience in micro CHP for residential use

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  1. The Japanese experience in micro CHP for residential use May 29th, 2008 Gas Industry Micro CHP Workshop 2008 Kunihiro Nishizaki Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd.

  2. Contents • Introduction ～ Gas Engine • Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) • Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)

  3. Large amount of energy for hot water Transition of energy consumption rate in Japanese residential sector Ratio @ FY2002 38％ Lighting, etc. Hot water Energy consumption (MJl/ family/ year) Cooling 34％ Heating 2％ 26％ Jukankyo Research Institute Inc.

  4. What’s residential CHP in Japan? Generation unit Hot water supply Fuel (city gas etc.) Recovered heat Hot water storage unit including backup burner Electricity (grid connected) >Rated power: 1kW class >Recovered heat used as hot water

  5. Schematic Image of residential CHP for Connections Commercial grid power Electric power from CHP City gas Hot water

  6. Residential CHPs in Japan PEFC: Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell, SOFC: Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

  7. Gas engine based residential CHP - Ecowill - Rated power : 1kW Efficiency (LHV) : Generation : 22.5 % Heat : 63.0 % Overall : 85.5 % Manufacturer : Honda (engine unit) Noriz or Chofu (hot water storage unit)

  8. Cumulative number of gas engine based residential CHP in Japan

  9. PEFC based residential CHP • Higher electrical efficiency Primary energy saving, CO2 reduction • Lower noise, lower vibration, cleaner exhaust • Common technology with FCV Strong support by the government Aggressive development by manufacturers and energy companies in Japan

  10. Components of residential PEFC Hot water tank Backup water heater Air Air PEFC stack H2 gas Recovered heat Fuel processor Hot water Natural gas Hot water DC electricity AC electricity DC/AC Converter

  11. Road Map of Residential PEFC Development 2009 2005 Penetration phase Development phase Introduction phase • Subsidy for Market Penetration • Deregulation • Codes & Standards • Large Scale Demonstration • Technology Development Support Program

  12. Development Initiative ＭＥＴＩ　 －Policy making and initiative －Subsidization －Deregulation － Codes and Standards Customer Energy Companies －Market Research －Conceptual design for increase of market acceptance －Risk Management Manufacturers －R&D －Production 12

  13. JGA’s stationary PEFC testing program“Millennium project” (2000 - ) subsidized by NEDO JGA: Japan Gas Association PEFC systems testing related to safety, performance etc. >Deregulation >Codes and standards Test Facility

  14. Large-Scale Stationary Fuel Cell DemonstrationProject (JFY 2005-2008) conducted by METI/NEDO/NEF >Demonstrator Pair of a PEFC manufacturer and a fuel supplier >Applicable fuel cells 1kW class fuel cells >Subsidy >Total number of demonstration

  15. Players in the Large-scale demonstration project (JFY2005-2007)

  16. Residential PEFC CHPs MATSUSHITA (Panasonic) TOYOTA ENEOS celltech (former SANYO) TOSHIBA FCP EBARA Natural gas 1,000W Natural gas / Kerosene 1,000W Natural gas / LPG 700W Natural gas / LPG 750W Natural gas 1,000W Source : NEF Home Page

  17. Specification of residential PEFC of Tokyo Gas -LIFUEL- Rated power: 1kW Efficiency*(electricity): 37% (heat recovery): 50% (overall) : 87% Turndown ratio: 30% Hot water storage: 200L Fuel: City gas (13A) *LHV basis Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ebara Ballard Corp.

  18. Role of Tokyo Gas in Residential FC Development Establishment of social platform Technical support for deregulation, codes & standards, etc. Establishment of concept and specification In-house R&D: Fuel processor, Operation control Product development Evaluation through operation tests and field trials Easy installation, Maintainability, User manuals, etc. Customer support Trouble shooting、Maintenance

  19. Durability Test of the Systems

  20. Remote Controller of LIFUEL

  21. Installation of LIFUEL

  22. Installation of LIFUEL

  23. Electric and Heat Efficiency ◆Electrical Efficiency,●Heat Efficiency High efficiency even at partial load in actual use

  24. Summary of the Operation Results

  25. SOFC based residential CHP • Higher electrical efficiency Target Electrical Efficiency :>45%LHV (@ rated power) Flat tubular Cell 700W(AC) SOFC Unit by Kyocera

  26. SOFC Demonstration Research Project (JFY 2007-2010) conducted by METI/NEDO/NEF >Objectives Clarification of the issues including durability through actual usage >Budget \765million for JFY2007, \800million for JFY2008 >Players in JFY2007 (Operator / Manufacturer) Osaka Gas / Kyocera: 25 sites Tokyo Gas / Kyocera: 3 sites Saibu Gas / Kyocera: 1 sites Hokkaido Gas / Kyocera: 1 sites Nippon Oil / Nippon oil: 2 sites (LPG, Kerosene) TOTO / TOTO: 2sites (small commercial, 2kW)

  27. For the children of the future

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