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IMPERIALISM IN EGYPT, CHINA, & JAPAN

IMPERIALISM IN EGYPT, CHINA, & JAPAN. 1840 - 1910. EGYPT & THE SUEZ CANAL. Originally France interested in Egypt for strategic location (Red Sea), but Napoleon failed. EGYPT & THE SUEZ CANAL. Egypt interested in modernizing like Europe, so figured they need to trade like Europe

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IMPERIALISM IN EGYPT, CHINA, & JAPAN

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  1. IMPERIALISM IN EGYPT, CHINA, & JAPAN 1840 - 1910

  2. EGYPT & THE SUEZ CANAL • Originally France interested in Egypt for strategic location (Red Sea), but Napoleon failed

  3. EGYPT & THE SUEZ CANAL • Egypt interested in modernizing like Europe, so figured they need to trade like Europe • 1869 - Decided to build manmade waterway that cut through Suez, connecting Red Sea to Mediterranean  SUEZ CANAL

  4. EGYPT & THE SUEZ CANAL • Time Saved: 2 weeks • Miles Saved: 4,000

  5. EGYPT & THE SUEZ CANAL • Had to borrow $$ from France ($450 million!), but found they could not pay back the debt • Britain jumped on the chance to oversee financial control of the canal  by 1882 British occupied Egypt • Canal was “Lifeline of the British Empire” b/c allowed quicker access to its colonies in Asia and Africa

  6. REFORM IN CHINA • China proud of their culture & many work opportunities  very self-sufficient • Not interested in gadgets West was offering; only in agriculture  did not want to trade w/ Europeans • But Europeans wanted access to Chinese goods & resources (especially tea)

  7. REFORM IN CHINA • Britain determined to find something Chinese wanted to trade…OPIUM! • Habit-forming drug; Chinese doctors used it for pain relief for centuries • By 1835, 12 million Chinese addicted & rising • Qing Emperor asked Britain to stop, but refused  led to OPIUM WAR (1839-1842) • British victory, gained island of Hong Kong

  8. REFORM IN CHINA

  9. REFORM IN CHINA • Results of Opium War: • China divided into spheres of influence • Increase in Western trade & influence in Asia • Britain gains island of Hong Kong • Taiping Rebellion  revolt of the people against the emperor

  10. REFORM IN CHINA • Due to Opium addiction, China no longer productive & people hungry • Europeans taking advantage of China’s growing problems • Had to declare “Open Door Policy” to keep from being divided up & colonized like Africa

  11. REFORM IN CHINA • Poor peasants/workers resented foreign influence  formed secret organization, Society of Harmonious Fists (aka Boxers) • Wanted to get rid of Qing Dynasty, started BOXER REBELLION • Rebellion failed, but nationalism rose; started to travel West to examine government structures

  12. REFORM IN CHINA

  13. JAPAN & MEIJI ERA • 1600s, Japan was isolated (“closed door”) • 1853 - US Commodore Matthew Perry took ships/ weapons to Japan & demand they open trade  signed Treaty of Kanagawa & opened 2 ports to all • Japanese angry & overthrew Tokugawa Shogun

  14. JAPAN & MEIJI ERA • New MEIJI ERA rules (“Enlightened”) • Figured if you can’t beat ‘em, join ‘em adopted European modern ways • Knew wouldn’t be taken over now, so decided to become imperialists too • Established colonies in China • Now Japan & Russia major powers in Asia

  15. JAPAN & MEIJI ERA • Both Russia & Japan want Manchuria for natural resources  RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR (Japan victory) • Japan went after Korea & won  established a protectorate & annexation (direct rule)

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