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Beginning of the Civil War

Beginning of the Civil War. Division in the North and South. North vs. South. North contained drastically more factories, railroads, and telegraph wires More European immigrants (most opposed to slavery). South < 10% of manufactured goods More rural; plantations and small farms

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Beginning of the Civil War

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  1. Beginning of the Civil War

  2. Division in the North and South

  3. North vs. South • North contained drastically more factories, railroads, and telegraph wires • More European immigrants (most opposed to slavery) • South < 10% of manufactured goods • More rural; plantations and small farms • Mainly rivers for transport • Few immigrants

  4. Slavery in the South • Nearly 4 million slaves by 1860 • ½ living in cotton-producing states • 1/3 of southern population • Domestic slavery considered backbone of southern economy

  5. Slave revolts inspired empathy in north and fear in the south • Nat Turner rebellion most famous • Underground Railroad referred to avenues of escape for slaves

  6. Slavery in New Territories

  7. The Wilmot Proviso • Wilmot Proviso (1846) • Bill that pushed for abolishing slavery in new states (California, Utah, New Mexico) • Passed in House of Reps., but not the Senate

  8. The Wilmot Proviso • Why Did Northerners Support It? • Moral grounds • Feared competition from slave owners • Maintain control over House of Reps.

  9. The Wilmot Proviso • Why Were Others Against It? • Slavery still considered constitutional • Balance would shift to North permanently • Feared growing move towards secession (formal withdraw from a nation) John C. Calhoun Henry Clay

  10. California Statehood (1849) • Gold rush quickly increased population • New legislature adopted anti-slavery constitution • Concern in the South • Missouri Compromise had allowed slavery below 38°30’ • President Zachary Taylor agrees to admit CA as a free state • Based on popular sovereignty

  11. Compromise of 1850 • Major Provisions • CA admitted as free state • Utah and New Mexico decide on slavery • Sale of slaves banned in D.C. • Fugitive Slave Act • Required northerners to return escaped slaves • Major debate in Congress led to threats of secession • Compromise of 1850 • Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, and Calhoun

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