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Introduction to Regional Geography I (pages 1-16)

Introduction to Regional Geography I (pages 1-16). E.J. PALKA. OUTLINE. Geography: The discipline Geographic Realms Transition Zones Regions Formal Functional. GEOGRAPHY. The study of place and space Studies the location and distribution of features on the Earth’s surface

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Introduction to Regional Geography I (pages 1-16)

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  1. Introduction to Regional Geography I (pages 1-16) E.J. PALKA

  2. OUTLINE • Geography: The discipline • Geographic Realms • Transition Zones • Regions • Formal • Functional

  3. GEOGRAPHY • The study of place and space • Studies the location and distribution of features on the Earth’s surface • Studies human activity, the natural environment, and the relationship between the two • Answers where and why • Why is Timbuktu where it is, and why did the settlement evolve on this site?

  4. CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS Taxonomy: kingdom, phylum, Class, order, family, genus, species Biologists Geologists 3 Major groups, subsidiary groups, geological time Historians Eras, ages, periods Geographers Geographic Realms and/or Regions based on sets of spatial criteria

  5. GEOGRAPHIC REALMS Realms are based on Spatial Criteria • The largest geographic units into which the inhabited world can be divided • Based on both physical (natural) and human (cultural) yardsticks I

  6. GEOGRAPHIC REALMS II • The result of the interaction between human societies and natural environments • A functionalinteraction • Revealed by farms, mines, fishing ports, transport routes, dams, bridges, villages, and other features on the landscape

  7. GEOGRAPHIC REALMS III • Represent the most comprehensive and encompassing definition of the great clusters of humankind in the world today

  8. WORLD GEOGRAPHIC REALMS • Geographic realms change over time. • Where geographic realms meet, transition zones, not sharp boundaries, mark their contacts.

  9. TRANSITION ZONES • An area of spatial change where peripheries of two adjacent realms or regions join • Marked by a gradual shift (rather than a sharp break) in the characteristics that distinguish neighboring realms

  10. GEOGRAPHICAL CLASSIFICATION CONCEPT OF SCALE The World Realms Regions

  11. REGIONS • Areas of the earth’s surface marked by certain properties • Scientific devices that enable us to make spatial generalizations • Based on criteria we establish • Criteria can be: • Human (cultural) properties • Physical (natural) characteristics • or Both

  12. REGIONS • All regions have: • Area • Boundaries • Location

  13. FORMAL REGION • Marked by a certain degree of homogeneity in one or more phenomena • Also called a uniform region or homogeneous region Examples: Corn Belt Megalopolis

  14. FUNCTIONAL REGION • A spatial system focused on a central core • A region formed by a set of places and their functional integration • Also called a “nodal” region • A region marked less by its sameness than its dynamic internal structure Example:Los Angeles Metropolitan Area

  15. HINTERLAND • Literally means “country behind” • A term that applies to a surrounding area served by an urban center • Urban center is the focus of goods and services produced in the hinterland, and is the latter’s dominant focal point as well Periphery Periphery Core

  16. THE PHYSICAL SETTING • Physical Geography • Alfred Wegner’s • Continental drift • Tectonic plates • Subduction • Pacific Ring of fire • Weathering • Erosion

  17. CLIMATE • Hydrologic cycle • Precipitation patterns • Climate regions

  18. Introduction to Regional Geography I (pages 1-16) E.J. PALKA

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