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Japan Limits Western Contacts

Japan Limits Western Contacts. Setting the stage: 1467-1568: “Warring States” period. Daimyo: warrior-chieftains who employed samurai The daimyos fought each other for control of the country. First Attempts at Unification. Oda Nobunaga: seized the imperial capital Kyoto

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Japan Limits Western Contacts

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  1. Japan Limits Western Contacts • Setting the stage: • 1467-1568: “Warring States” period. • Daimyo: warrior-chieftains who employed samurai • The daimyos fought each other for control of the country

  2. First Attempts at Unification • Oda Nobunaga: seized the imperial capital Kyoto • Used firearms effectively during battle for the first time in Japan • Committed seppuku after betrayed by his own general.

  3. Toyotomi Hideyoshi: Nobunaga’s best general • Through force and alliances he controlled most of Japan • He invaded Korea and began long campaign against Korea and Ming dynasty in China • Died without being victorious

  4. Tokugawa Shogunate • Tokugawa Ieyasu: ally of Hideyoshi who unified Japan • Defeated enemies at the Battle of Sekigahara. • Became shogun (leader) of Japan • Moved his capital to Edo, which later became Tokyo

  5. Reforms: • Forced daimyo to spend every other year in Tokyo • Had to leave their family in Edo as hostages • Result was rule of law over rule by sword

  6. Tokugawa Society • Peace meant greater production of food. • Merchants class became rich but peasant farmers still led difficult lives.

  7. Confucian ideas were important in Japan but led to different results than in China • Farmers were heavily taxed, and people flocked to cities • Cities grew, and Edo’s population was greater than one million in 1600.

  8. Culture: • Kabuki: elaborate costumes, dance, mime concerned with urban life • Haiku: poetry that presented ideas. It had a very particular structure. • Basho: greatest Haiku poet.

  9. Japan and Europe • 1543: Portuguese sailors wash up onto Japan. Japan is interested in the outsiders. • Portuguese traders bring eyeglasses, tobacco, and clocks to Japanese markets • Daimyo were interested in European firearms and cannons.

  10. Christian missionaries arrived alongside merchants • Francis Xavier: led the first mission to convert Japanese • The missionaries were successful: 300,000 converts by 1600.

  11. Ieyasu reacts to the success by banning Christianity in 1612. • In 1637 there was a rebellion by peasants against the government • Many of the peasants were Christians therefore the government persecuted Christians eliminated the religion in Japan.

  12. Closed Country Policy • Japan eventually closes off their country to outsiders • One port (Nagasaki) is left open to Chinese and Dutch ships • Japanese government has monopoly on foreign trade • This isolation exists for over 200 years

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