Name Date Hour Chapter 3 What were the Dates characteristics of Arch. Dig

1. Set this up on a sheet of paper….this should be in Cornell format. Name Date Hour Chapter 3 What were the Dates characteristics of Arch. Dig America’s earliest Archeologist people? Paleo Indians Clovis Folsom Foragers Woodland Plains Village Moundbuilders Plains Indians**

2. Name Date Hour Chapter 3 Plains Village Moundbuilders Plains Indians** What elements of First Contact culture were exhibited by the Indians during Culture first contact with Europeans? SUMMARY At the end of the notes you will put a 3 sentence summary of the notes.

3. Section 1: The Earliest People ESSENTIAL QUESTION: • What were the characteristics of Oklahoma’s earliest people?

5. Section 1: The Earliest People • First prehistoric people (those who lived before recorded history) reached the Americas millions of years after the dinosaurs became extinct • First people in America here some 12,000 to 25,000 years ago

6. How we found them • Artifacts include people-used items such as – pottery, tools, bone, jewelry, & paintings • Petroglyphs: pictures or symbols conveying an idea

9. Searching for Clues • Archaeological “dig”: excavation of a site where people lived or worked • Archaeologists: study and document any fragment of an artifact discovered • Piece together artifacts to help tell more about past peoples

10. Prehistoric Cultures • Earliest people to America from Asia • Bering Strait & “land bridge” • Over 16,000 prehistoric & early American Indian sites in Oklahoma

11. Paleo Indians • 1961: scientists discover evidence of Paleo Indian hunters in Oklahoma • Columbian mammoth: bones found at the Cooperton site in Kiowa County • Soil deposits: date to about 30,000 years ago at Burnham site

12. Mammoth Bones

13. Clovis People • Clovis People: named after the New Mexico site of first artifacts • Known for their spears (spear point usually 3-4 inches long) • Important Clovis site near Stecker in Caddo County • First hunted mammoths & then switched to bison

14. Clovis points used to kill wooly mammoths

15. Folsom People • Dalton people: lived some 9,000-10,000 years ago • Skilled in clothing, containers, tools, & covers for shelters

16. Archaic Culture Foragers • Hunters and harvesters • Made flour & stored it in baskets • Pieces of bone & antler: became spear points, needles, awls, punches, and atlatl hooks • Ate a variety of wild animals • Knew how to start a fire with a wood drill

17. Woodland Culture • About 2,000 years ago, Woodland culture emerged • Planted, cultivated, & harvested • Bow and arrow came in about this time and made hunting easier

18. Plains Village Farmers • Lived in Oklahoma from about 1,200 to 500 years ago • Grew corn, beans, squash, gourds, sunflowers, & tobacco • Hunted bison & deer

19. The Moundbuilders • Built the Spiro Mounds • Lived in small farming villages • Spiro men & women: painted themselves with colorful paints • Fine craftsmen: worked with stone, shell, & copper • Still live in the area

20. Early Plains Indians • Resorted to the more nomadic way of life • Hunted buffalo, deer, antelope, rabbit, or whatever available • Forged for wild plant foods • Lived in grass houses covered with buffalo hide • May be ancestors of Wichitas Click here to return to Main Menu.

21. Section 2: Historic Indian Cultures ESSENTIAL QUESTION: • What elements of culture were exhibited by the Indians during first contact with Europeans?

22. First Encounters 1493: Coronado’s expedition firstrecorded contact between Indians & the Spanish 1542: Spanish monks at Kaw 1601: Juan de Oñate – explored western Oklahoma Mid-1700s: French hunters

23. Indian Culture Indians: believed in afterlife Cowards & thieves punished Life sacred to the Plains tribes Believed in Mother Earth Believed all things tied together Honesty expected

24. Indian Culture The Family • Marriages permitted between related tribes & could have more than one wife • Men: warriors & hunters • Women: kept the home & family

25. Indian Culture Food • Women: prepared the food • Meats: eaten raw, roasted, boiled, or dried • Wild animals were food source • Other foods were wild honey & other natural foods

26. Indian Culture Plants • Used many wildflowers & plants • About 170 used by Indians • Many used for medicine Much of their time spent in surviving

27. After lecture… Read over notes – 2 times Write summary

28. Level Questions • Level 1 question- (fill in the blank) • EX: _________ is the name for the day when the stock market crashed. • Level 2- (not in the text, read between lines) • EX: Compare and contrast…. • EX: Describe your own words….. • EX: How is _____ related to_______...... • Level 3- (Hypothesis, or application, much like an essay) • EX: do you agree that ...? what do you think about ...? what is the most important ...? place the following in order of priority ...

29. Compare /Contrast Tribe 1 Tribe 2 Similarities

30. Let’s Move around • Find someone with completely different tribes than you and share the Venn Diagram with them. • Have a seat

31. When done… • Work on Chapter 3 Vocab. Due Friday