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What is health

?. What is health. BCottrell, APHA 2004. If you don’t know where you are going. You may end up somewhere else!. BCottrell, APHA 2004. In small groups. complete the sentence:. “Health is . . . . . .”. BCottrell, APHA 2004. Health is NOT primarily medical.

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What is health

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  1. ? What is health BCottrell, APHA 2004

  2. If you don’t know where you are going... You may end up somewhere else! BCottrell, APHA 2004

  3. In small groups complete the sentence: “Health is . . . . . .” BCottrell, APHA 2004

  4. Health is NOT primarily medical

  5. Health is a dynamic state of complete physical, mental, spiritual, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. World Health Organization, 1998 BCottrell, APHA 2004

  6. QUESTIONS • Describe what you see • What is the problem? • Where/How does this happen in real life? • Why? • What can be done? • Who will do it?

  7. Immunization Generally Available Standard Of Living T. McKeown, The Modern Rise of Population (New York Acedemic Press, 1976} p. 93

  8. Reclaiming Our History: Equity and Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH as a modern institution arose as a response to industrialization. Historic advances in health status resulted from its actions… Abolition of child labor Shortening the work day Reductions in scale of poverty Minimum wage Improved sanitation Food safety Adequate housing Did more to reduce death and disease than medicine or immunizations (Adapted from Doak Bloss, Ingham Country Health Department, 2005)

  9. Examples of “Trigger Information” Reclaiming Our History: Equity and Public Health Today, PUBLIC HEALTH has moved toward a more managerial and technical role Categorical, funded programs Regulatory compliance functions Solving discrete health problems A biomedical (disease-based) paradigm At the same time, widening and persistent inequities have emerged, affecting all of society. Public Health is a social enterprise, multidisciplinary by nature. It should naturally embrace a commitment to eliminating health inequities as a goal. (Adapted from Doak Bloss, Ingham Country Health Department, 2005)

  10. Ten leading medical causes of death, USA(2001) Heart disease 700,142 Cancer 553,768 Stroke 163,538 Chronic lung disease 123,013 Accidents 101,537 Diabetes 71,372 Pneumonia and influenza 62,034 Alzheimer’s disease 53,852 Kidney disease 39,480 Blood infections 25,192 National Center for Health Statistics, 2004

  11. …and Lifestyle Factors Leading to Half of Them Tobacco 400,000 Diet, Sedentary lifestyle 300,000 Alcohol 100,000 Infections 90,000 Toxic agents 60,000 Firearms 35,000 Sexual behavior 30,000 Motor vehicles 25,000 Illicit drug use 20,000 McGinnis. JM; Foege, WH; JAMA 270:18, Nov 1993

  12. WHO: Tobacco is the worst human disaster of the 20th century. Annual Deaths Globally 3 million 1970 7 million 1999 10 million 2010

  13. Social Environment Built Environment Natural Environment COMMUNITY Government/ politics Community Safety Medical 10% Genetics 20% Arts/ Culture Housing Lifestyle 50% Environment 20% Economy/ Employment Transportation/ mobility Access to Health Care Individual and community Factors that Influence Health

  14. Health is a dynamic state of complete physical, mental, spiritual, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. World Health Organization, 1998 BCottrell, APHA 2004

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